ArticleEcancermedicalscience2022
Cervical cancer programme, Kenya, 2011-2020: lessons to guide elimination as a public health problem.
Article in Ecancermedicalscience, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and durability of immediate versus delayed single-dose HPV vaccination for persistent infection among young women in Kenya: a randomized, blinded, cross-over clinical trial.Nature communications · 2026Trial
- Follow-up rescreening among women living with human immunodeficiency virus who tested positive and treated for cervical pre-cancer lesions in South Ethiopia.The oncologist · 2026Article
- Cervical Cancer Screening Cascade in Côte d'Ivoire: A Decade of Real-World Program Evaluation According to HIV Status.JCO global oncology · 2026Article
- Cervical Cancer Screening with Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid (VIA) among Women Living with HIV in Nairobi, Kenya: Results and Transformation Zone.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Implementation and acceptability of a community based intervention for cervical cancer screening amongst women of reproductive age in Kiambu County, Kenya.BMC research notes · 2026Article
- Article
- Cervical Cancer Screening and Associated Factors Among Women of Reproductive Age in Sidama Regional State of Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Survey.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Declining trends but persistent disparities in cervical cancer mortality in the United States, 1999-2023.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Cervical cancer information access and dissemination strategies among rural Kenyan women: A mixed methods study.Journal of public health in Africa · 2026Article
- Factors associated with cervical cancer screening among women attending maternal child health clinics in Kenya.BMC women's health · 2025Article
- Experience with the mobile health application 'mSaada' to facilitate home-based human papillomavirus testing in Western Kenya.BMC global and public health · 2025Article
- Barriers and Opportunities for HPV Self-Sampling in Underserved Rural Communities: Insights from a Mixed Methods Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Safety and adherence to self-administered intravaginal 5-fluorouracil cream following cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2/3 treatment among HIV-positive women in Kenya: A phase 1 clinical trial.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2025Article
- Cervical cancer screening data from the case-based national electronic registry in Bangladesh.BMC global and public health · 2025Article
- Availability and Uptake of Cervical Cancer Screening and Treatment Services at 19 Kenyan Health Facilities: A Brief Report.JCO global oncology · 2025Article
- The role of co-infections and hormonal contraceptives in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia prevalence among women referred to a tertiary hospital in Western Kenya.Infectious agents and cancer · 2025Article
- Article
- Women's experiences and acceptability of self-administered, home delivered, intravaginal 5-Fluorouracil cream for cervical precancer treatment in Kenya.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Uptake and factors associated with cervical cancer screening among women aged 18-49 years at a public hospital in Coastal Kenya.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- 'ARVs is for HIV and cream is for HPV or precancer:' Women's perceptions and perceived acceptability of self-administered topical therapies for cervical precancer treatment: a qualitative study from Kenya.Ecancermedicalscience · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality in Kenya, with an estimated 3,200 deaths in 2020. Kenya has implemented cervical cancer interventions for more than a decade. We describe the evolution of the cervical cancer programme over the last 20 years and assess its performance. Methods: We searched the Ministry of Health's archives and website (2000-2021) for screening policy documents and assessed them using seven items: situational analysis, objectives, key result areas, implementation framework, resource considerations, monitoring and evaluation and definition of roles/responsibilities. In addition, a trend analysis was performed targeting screening and disease burden indicators in the period 2011-2020, using data from Kenya Health Information System and the Global Burden of Disease database. Findings: Policy guidance improved over time, but the implementation of screening was poor. Before 2016, a clear leadership and accountability structure was lacking; improvement occurred after the establishment of the National Cancer Control Program. The main health system gaps included the lack of a trained healthcare workforce and poor data collection. Annual screening coverage varied between <1% and 36% of the target population for the year for HIV-negative women and between <1% and 7% for HIV-positive women, from 2011 to 2020. Test positivity for visual inspection with acetic acid was below 5% for most of the period. Compliance to treatment of precancerous lesions ranged between 22% and 39%. The detection rate of cervical cancer ranged between 0.5% and 1.0%. The burden of invasive cervical cancer did not change significantly: world age-standardised incidence and mortality rates of 26.3-27.4 and 16.6-18.0/100,000 women-years, respectively; disability-adjusted life years of 579-624/100,000 life years. Conclusion: The Kenyan cervical cancer control programme suffered from inadequate health system strengthening and poor quality implementation. Evidence-based policy implementation and sustained health system strengthening are necessary to move towards cervical cancer elimination as a public health problem.
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