Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36199622›Full record

SynthesisWellcome open research2021

The hidden financial burden of healthcare: a systematic literature review of informal payments in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Evelyn Kabia, Catherine Goodman, Dina Balabanova, Kui Muraya, Sassy Molyneux, Edwine Barasa

Open access · goldAbstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Wellcome open research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
5.0field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  10. Employed but Unpaid, Volunteers or Paradoxical Surplus? Sierra Leone's Unsalaried Health Workforce.The International journal of health planning and management · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Evelyn KabiaHealth Economics Research Unit, KEMRI Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Nairobi, Kenya.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3473-3603
Catherine GoodmanDepartment of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2241-3485
Dina BalabanovaDepartment of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Kui MurayaHealth Systems & Research Ethics Department, KEMRI Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Nairobi, Kenya.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2696-3713
Sassy MolyneuxHealth Systems & Research Ethics Department, KEMRI Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9522-416X
Edwine BarasaHealth Economics Research Unit, KEMRI Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Nairobi, Kenya.
Kenya Medical Research Institute · KELondon School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine · GB

Funding

Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.

Indexed as

healthInformal paymentsreviewSub-Saharan Africa

Identifiers

PMID36199622
PMCPMC9513412
OpenAlexW3213907928

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.