Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36199476›Full record

ReviewInternational journal of nanomedicine2022

The Mucoadhesive Nanoparticle-Based Delivery System in the Development of Mucosal Vaccines.

Kai Zhao, Yinzhuo Xie, Xuezheng Lin, Wei Xu

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in International journal of nanomedicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed
3.9field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.

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  15. Mast cell activators as adjuvants for intranasal mucosal vaccines.International journal of pharmaceutics · 2025
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Kai ZhaoTaizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, 318000, People's Republic of China.
Yinzhuo XieInstitute of Nanobiomaterials and Immunology, School of Life Science, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, 318000, People's Republic of China.
Xuezheng LinTaizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang, 318000, People's Republic of China.
Wei XuCollege of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, People's Republic of China.ORCID 0000-0002-1287-4552
Taizhou Central Hospital · CNTaizhou University · CNZhejiang University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mucosal tissue constitutes the largest interface between the body and the external environment, regulating the entry of pathogens, particles, and molecules. Mucosal immunization is the most effective way to trigger a protective mucosal immune response. However, the majority of the currently licensed vaccines are recommended to be administered by intramuscular injection, which has obvious shortcomings, such as high production costs, low patient compliance, and lack of mucosal immune response. Strategies for eliciting mucosal and systemic immune responses are being developed, including appropriate vaccine adjuvant, delivery system, and bacterial or viral vectors. Biodegradable mucoadhesive nanoparticles (NPs) are the most promising candidate for vaccine delivery systems due to their inherent immune adjuvant property and the ability to protect the antigen from degradation, sustain the release of loaded antigen, and increase the residence time of antigen at the administration site. The current review outlined the complex structure of mucosa, the mechanism of interaction between NPs and mucosa, factors affecting the mucoadhesion of NPs, and the application of the delivery system based on mucoadhesive NPs in the field of vaccines. Moreover, this review demonstrated that the biodegradable and mucoadhesive NP-based delivery system has the potential for mucosal administration of vaccines.

Indexed as

NanoparticlesVaccinesAdjuvants, ImmunologicHumansImmunity, MucosalMucous MembraneAdjuvants, ImmunologicVaccinesdelivery systemmucosal adhesionmucosal immunizationmucosal vaccinenanoparticles

Identifiers

PMID36199476
PMCPMC9527817
OpenAlexW4297231530

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.