ArticleBMC women's health2022
Association between serum vitamin C and HPV infection in American women: a cross-sectional study.
Article in BMC women's health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between blood cadmium and the likelihood of developing human papillomavirus infection: A combination of NHANES and clinical study.The Journal of international medical research · 2026Article
- Different associations between dietary or supplemental vitamin C intake and HPV infection in American women: A cross-sectional study.Medicine · 2025Article
- The Community Prevalence of Vitamin C Deficiency and Inadequacy-How Does Australia Compare With Other Nations? A Scoping Review.Health science reports · 2025Review
- Composite dietary antioxidant index and HPV infection from single and mixed associations to SHAP-interpreted machine learning predictions.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- An L-shaped link between the composite dietary antioxidant index and human papillomavirus infection in women: a US population-based study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- The influence of nutrition on HPV-associated inflammation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Emerging paradigms: unmasking the role of oxidative stress in HPV-induced carcinogenesis.Infectious agents and cancer · 2024Review
- Review of the Potential Role of Ascorbate in the Prevention and Treatment of Gynecological Cancers.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Vitamins in Gynecologic Malignancies.Nutrients · 2024Review
- The Role of Micronutrients in Human Papillomavirus Infection, Cervical Dysplasia, and Neoplasm.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundEvidence regarding the relationship between serum vitamin C levels and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether serum vitamin C levels are independently associated with HPV infection.
methodsData for this cross-sectional study were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2006. A total of 2174 women, 18-59 years of age, were enrolled in this study. The associations between serum vitamin C levels (continuous and categorical forms) and cervicovaginal HPV infection were estimated using weighted logistic regression.
resultsThe adjusted binary logistic regression showed that serum vitamin C was not associated with the risk of HPV infection after adjusting for age, race, poverty income ratio, alcohol consumption, smoking, body mass index, education, and health condition (odds ratio [OR] 0.998, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.994-1.001). Serum vitamin C levels were converted from a continuous variable to a categorical variable for the analysis. Compared with the vitamin C deficiency and hypovitaminosis groups, there was a negative correlation between vitamin C and HPV infection when vitamin C was adequate (OR 0.7, 95% CI: 0.52-0.94); however, when the serum vitamin C level was inadequate and saturated, this negative correlation was weaker or nonexistent (OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.56-1.03 and OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.55-1.04, respectively). A nonlinear relationship was detected between vitamin C level and HPV infection. Furthermore, we performed subgroup analysis of different models and found that serum vitamin C concentration was negatively associated with HPV infection in women ≥ 25 years of age; however, in women < 25 years of age, serum vitamin C levels were not associated with HPV infection.
conclusionThe results from this United States nationally representative sample supported the hypothesis that there was a U-shaped relationship between serum vitamin C levels and HPV infection. Future studies are warranted to assess the association between vitamin C and HPV persistence and clarify the underlying mechanisms of these associations.
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