ArticleScientific reports2022
Malignancy risk stratification of thyroid nodules according to echotexture and degree of hypoechogenicity: a retrospective multicenter validation study.
Article in Scientific reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sociodemographic and clinical predictors of malignancy in thyroid nodules: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
- Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Pediatric Thyroid Nodules: Adult Risk Stratification Systems, 2021 K-TIRADS Revision, and Future Refinements.Korean journal of radiology · 2026Review
- Article
- Clinicopathological Significance of Ultrasound Risk Features and the Taller-Than-Wide Sign for Tumor Advancement in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: A Single-Center Analysis.Cancer management and research · 2026Article
- Quantitative Ultrasound Grayscale Analysis and Size of Benign and Malignant Solid Thyroid Nodules.Tomography (Ann Arbor, Mich.) · 2025Article
- Article
- Assessment of risk factors and ultrasonographic characteristics for the differentiation between malignant and benign thyroid nodules in Beni-Suef governorate, Egypt.BMC endocrine disorders · 2025Article
- Impact of Ultrasonographic Features Indicative of Malignancy on Tumor Advancement in Thyroid Cancer-A Single-Center Study.Cancers · 2025Article
- Cancer Risk in Thyroid Nodules: An Analysis of Over 1000 Consecutive FNA Biopsies Performed in a Single Canadian Institution.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Echogenicity as a standalone nodule characteristic is not inferior to the TIRADS systems in the 10-20 mm nodule diameter range in patient selection for fine needle aspiration: a pilot study.European thyroid journal · 2024Article
- Article
- Improved cancer risk stratification of isoechoic thyroid nodules to reduce unnecessary biopsies using quantitative ultrasound.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- [Clinical Application of the 2021 Korean Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (K-TIRADS)].Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology · 2023Review
- Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Various risk stratification systems show discrepancies in the ultrasound lexicon of nodule echotexture and hypoechogenicity. This study aimed to determine the malignancy risk of thyroid nodules according to their echotexture and degree of hypoechogenicity. From June to September 2015, we retrospectively evaluated 5601 thyroid nodules with final diagnoses from 26 institutions. Nodules were stratified according to the echotexture (homogeneous vs. heterogeneous) and degree of hypoechogenicity (mild, moderate, or marked). We calculated the malignancy risk according to composition and suspicious features. Heterogeneous hypoechoic nodules showed a significantly higher malignancy risk than heterogeneous isoechoic nodules (P ≤ 0.017), except in partially cystic nodules. Malignancy risks were not significantly different between homogeneous versus heterogeneous nodules in both hypoechoic (P ≥ 0.086) and iso- hyperechoic nodules (P ≥ 0.05). Heterogeneous iso-hyperechoic nodules without suspicious features showed a low malignancy risk. The malignancy risks of markedly and moderately hypoechoic nodules were not significantly different in all subgroups (P ≥ 0.48). Marked or moderately hypoechoic nodules showed a significantly higher risk than mild hypoechoic (P ≤ 0.016) nodules. The predominant echogenicity effectively stratifies the malignancy risk of nodules with heterogeneous echotexture. The degree of hypoechogenicity could be stratified as mild versus moderate to marked hypoechogenicity.
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