ArticleJournal of human kinetics2022
A Study Comparing Gait and Lower Limb Muscle Activity During Aquatic Treadmill Running with Different Water Depth and Land Treadmill Running.
Article in Journal of human kinetics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Relaxed Stiffness of Lower Extremity Muscles and Step Width Variability as Key Differences Between Sarcopenia and Dynapenia in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Acute Effects of Multi-Joint Eccentric Exercise on Lower-Extremity Muscle Activation Measured During Land and Water Walking.Muscles (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Differences in lower limb co-contraction calculations vary clinical interpretation of aquatic treadmill walking in typically developing and children with cerebral palsy.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Gluteus Medius for Individuals with Chronic Ankle Instability: Assessing Muscle Activity.Journal of human kinetics · 2024Review
- Can the Entire Function of the Foot Be Concentrated in the Forefoot Area during the Running Stance Phase? A Finite Element Study of Different Shoe Soles.Journal of human kinetics · 2024Article
- Lower Limb Muscles' Activation during Ascending and Descending a Single Step-Up Movement: Comparison between In water and On land Exercise at Different Step Cadences in Young Injury-Free Adults.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Aquatic treadmill running is a partial weight-bearing exercise for rehabilitation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the surface electromyography activities of the rectus femoris, tibialis anterior, biceps femoris and medial head of gastrocnemius, and gait kinematics during aquatic treadmill running in water levels at waist, mid-thigh and mid-shin and on land. Seventeen healthy subjects (9 males and 8 females) were recruited by convenience sampling. Participants performed 2-min aquatic treadmill running at a specific speed for each water depth. The test speed was selected based upon the speed that elicited 110 steps per min. The surface electromyography data of lower limb muscles and the joint angles at three different water depths and on land were collected to evaluate the muscle activity and gait kinematics using a waterproofed surface electromyography system and inertial measurement unit for each muscle. Results showed that rectus femoris electromyography was different between depths during the swing and stance phases. Likewise, biceps femoris and tibialis anterior electromyography were different between depths for the swing phase. However, it was not the case for gastrocnemius electromyography. Peak flexion angles in both left and right hips were different between depths. A significant increase in a stance/swing ratio was observed with rising water depths. Water depth influenced muscle activity as well as kinematics. Aquatic treadmill running in the mid-thigh level should be further evaluated for its effectiveness, training value and applicability.
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