ArticleHereditas2022
Bioinformatics analysis of diagnostic biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease in peripheral blood based on sex differences and support vector machine algorithm.
Article in Hereditas, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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12 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Predicted brain-regional gene expression patterns in individuals living with Alzheimer's disease.Neurobiology of aging · 2026Article
- Deep Plasma Proteomics-Based Diagnostic Panel for Early Detection of Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment.Journal of proteome research · 2026Article
- Diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease with high accuracy via Petri net modeling of signaling pathways.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Pharmacologic reversal of advanced Alzheimer's disease in mice and identification of potential therapeutic nodes in human brain.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Prefoldin 5 is a microtubule-associated protein that suppresses Tau aggregation and neurotoxicity.eLife · 2026Article
- Bioinformatics and experimental validation identify biomarkers for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Article
- c-Triadem: A constrained, explainable deep learning model to identify novel biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease.PloS one · 2025Article
- Molecular pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease onset in a mouse model: effects of cannabidiol treatment.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Article
- Bioinformatics approaches for studying molecular sex differences in complex diseases.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2024Review
- Dietary Effects of Probiotic Bacteria,Aquaculture nutrition · 2024Article
- Review
- Ribosomal proteins are blood biomarkers and associated with CD4+ T cell activation in Alzheimer's disease: a study based on machine learning strategies and scRNA-Seq data validation.American journal of translational research · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) varies based on gender. Due to the lack of early stage biomarkers, most of them are diagnosed at the terminal stage. This study aimed to explore sex-specific signaling pathways and identify diagnostic biomarkers of AD.
methodsMicroarray dataset for blood was obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database of GSE63060 to conduct differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analysis by R software limma. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis and Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were conducted. Immune checkpoint gene expression was compared between females and males. Using CytoHubba, we identified hub genes in a protein-protein interaction network (PPI). Then, we evaluated their distinct effectiveness using unsupervised hierarchical clustering. Support vector machine (SVM) and ten-fold cross-validation were used to further verify these biomarkers. Lastly, we confirmed our findings by using another independent dataset.
resultsA total of 37 female-specific DEGs and 27 male-specific DEGs were identified from GSE63060 datasets. Analyses of enrichment showed that female-specific DEGs primarily focused on energy metabolism, while male-specific DEGs mostly involved in immune regulation. Three immune-checkpoint-relevant genes dysregulated in males. In females, however, these eight genes were not differentially expressed. SNRPG, RPS27A, COX7A2, ATP5PO, LSM3, COX7C, PFDN5, HINT1, PSMA6, RPS3A and RPL31 were regarded as hub genes for females, while SNRPG, RPL31, COX7C, RPS27A, RPL35A, RPS3A, RPS20 and PFDN5 were regarded as hub genes for males. Thirteen hub genes mentioned above was significantly lower in both AD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The diagnostic model of 15-marker panel (13 hub genes with sex and age) was developed. Both the training dataset and the independent validation dataset have area under the curve (AUC) with a high value (0.919, 95%CI 0.901-0.929 and 0.803, 95%CI 0.789-0.826). Based on GSEA for hub genes, they were associated with some aspects of AD pathogenesis.
conclusionDEGs in males and females contribute differently to AD pathogenesis. Algorithms combining blood-based biomarkers may improve AD diagnostic accuracy, but large validation studies are needed.
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