ReviewMicrobiome2022
Alterations in the respiratory tract microbiome in COVID-19: current observations and potential significance.
Review in Microbiome, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06294756 (Effects of Sulfurous Thermal Waters Inhalations on Long-COVID Syndrome), which is not on this map. Cited by 44 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effects of Sulfurous Thermal Waters Inhalations on Long-COVID Syndrome: a Double-blinded, Interventional, Randomized Case-control, Pilot Study on a Spa Centered Rehab Program
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparison of Respiratory Microbiomes in Influenza Versus Other Respiratory Infections: Systematic Review and Analysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Pooled it
- SARS‑CoV‑2 Associated Shifts in the Upper Respiratory Tract Mycobiome in Non-hospitalized Cases.Mycopathologia · 2026Article
- Dual-transcriptomic analysis of human nasal transcriptome and microbiome reveals host-bacteria associations in symptomatic respiratory infection.BMC genomics · 2026Article
- Lung Microbiome Diversity, Infection Dynamics, and Microbe-Mediated Cross-Protection.MicrobiologyOpen · 2026Review
- Indole-acetaldehyde from Rothia mucilaginosa activates the PXR/NRF2 axis to enhance alveolar macrophage phagocytosis and protect against ARDS.Respiratory research · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Infection disrupts lower respiratory tract microbiome function and interactions.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Assessment of the bacterial community of the human upper respiratory tract in patients affected by Covid-19.Genetics and molecular biology · 2026Article
- Effects of Vaccination on Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study.Tuberculosis and respiratory diseases · 2025Article
- Oral microbiota and respiratory diseases: advances and perspectives.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2025Review
- Article
- Antibiotic Treatment in Patients Hospitalized for Nonsevere COVID-19.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- The Respiratory Tract Microbiome and Human Health.Microbial biotechnology · 2025Review
- Differential responses of lung and intestinal microbiota to SARS-CoV-2 infection: a comparative study of the Wuhan and Omicron strains in K18-hACE2 Tg mice.Laboratory animal research · 2025Article
- DEMINERS enables clinical metagenomics and comparative transcriptomic analysis by increasing throughput and accuracy of nanopore direct RNA sequencing.Genome biology · 2025Article
- Targeting Lung Damage: Amniotic Mesenchymal Stem Cells Mitigate Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury via Multiple Signaling Pathways.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Microbial influencers: the airway microbiome's role in asthma.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Review
- Pathogenic and periodontal bacteria may contribute to the fatal outcome of critically ill elderly COVID-19 patients.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- A preliminary evaluation of a fast, low-cost, and high-throughput nucleic acid extraction method for bacterial microbiota profiling in low-microbial biomass samples.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Assessment of upper respiratory and gut bacterial microbiomes during COVID-19 infection in adults: potential aerodigestive transmission.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Human microbiome in post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (PACS).Current research in microbial sciences · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection causes COVID-19 disease, which can result in consequences ranging from undetectable to fatal, focusing attention on the modulators of outcomes. The respiratory tract microbiome is thought to modulate the outcomes of infections such as influenza as well as acute lung injury, raising the question to what degree does the airway microbiome influence COVID-19? Here, we review the results of 56 studies examining COVID-19 and the respiratory tract microbiome, summarize the main generalizations, and point to useful avenues for further research. Although the results vary among studies, a few consistent findings stand out. The diversity of bacterial communities in the oropharynx typically declined with increasing disease severity. The relative abundance of Haemophilus and Neisseria also declined with severity. Multiple microbiome measures tracked with measures of systemic immune responses and COVID outcomes. For many of the conclusions drawn in these studies, the direction of causality is unknown-did an alteration in the microbiome result in increased COVID severity, did COVID severity alter the microbiome, or was some third factor the primary driver, such as medication use. Follow-up mechanistic studies can help answer these questions. Video Abstract.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.