ArticleNeurology2022
Association of Midlife Inflammatory Markers With Cognitive Performance at 10-Year Follow-up.
Article in Neurology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 65 citations in OpenAlex.
- Is hypertension negatively associated with memory performance in women during climacteric? A systematic review.BMC women's health · 2025Pooled it
- Inflammatory Markers and their Relationship with Cognitive Function in Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment. Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Neuromolecular medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Preserved Cognitive Function After Statin Administration During Cancer Treatment With Doxorubicin: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2025Trial
- Inflammatory protein signatures as predictors of insulin resistance and cognitive function: a one-year longitudinal study in theBrain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Assessment of Sleep, Cognitive Performance, and Circulating Cytokines in Adults with Chronic Rhinosinusitis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- An Exploratory Study of the Short-Term Association of Resistance Training With Circulating Inflammatory Biomarkers, Plasma Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, and Cognitive Function in Healthy Midlife Adults.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
- Microglia-driven neuroinflammatory signaling in neurodegeneration: mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Bidirectional brain-heart interactions in health and disease.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2026Review
- Association of metabolic obesity phenotypes with cognitive decline in the ELSA-Brasil study.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- Neurocognitive performance and appetite-regulating hormones in obesity with and without eating disorders: A comprehensive review and empirical analysis.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2026Review
- Systemic inflammation, delirium and clinical progression in mild-moderate Alzheimer disease.EBioMedicine · 2026Article
- Association between cognitive function and all-cause mortality among US older adults with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
- Peri-implantitis: a systemic burden for our patients.Frontiers in dental medicine · 2026Review
- Cognitive screening for cardiovascular risk stratification in stable coronary artery disease: a prospective cohort study.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2026Article
- Dynamic trajectories of inflammatory biomarkers and post-stroke cognitive impairment: a comprehensive review of neuroimmune mechanisms, longitudinal modeling, and clinical translation.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Review
- Multivariate associations between systemic inflammation, metabolic dysregulation, and cognitive performance in project FRONTIER.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Article
- Plasma Inflammatory Biomarkers Lack Strong Association With Cognitive Outcomes Among Young Adults With Perinatal HIV Exposure and/or Acquisition.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2026Article
- Personalized Supplementation Is Associated with Reduced Inflammatory Biomarkers: A 12-Week Observational Study.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Article
- Olfactory Dysfunction and Cognitive Decline: Are They Related?Current allergy and asthma reports · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectivesChronic low-grade inflammation, commonly associated with cardiovascular diseases and risk factors, has been associated inconclusively with cognitive decline and dementia. The aim of our study was to evaluate whether low-grade inflammation, measured in midlife, is associated with a decline in cognitive performance after a 10-year follow-up. We hypothesized that low-grade inflammation, estimated by interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and high-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP), is a predictor of cognitive decline in the general population.
methodsThis prospective cohort study is based on a Finnish nationwide, population-based Health 2000 Examination Survey, its supplemental examinations in 2000-2001, and the follow-up Health 2011 Survey. Cognitive performance at baseline and at follow-up was assessed with categorical verbal fluency (VF), word-list learning (WLL), and word-list delayed recall (WLDR). Baseline low-grade inflammation was measured with IL-6, TNF-α, and hs-CRP in 2001. Associations between low-grade inflammation and cognitive performance were analyzed with multivariable linear models adjusted for age, sex, education,
resultsNine hundred fifteen participants aged 45-74 years (median age 54 years, 55% women) were included in the analysis. Both higher IL-6 and TNF-α at baseline predicted poorer performance in VF and WLL at 10-year follow-up (VF: IL-6 β: -1.14, DISCUSSION: Our results suggest that low-grade inflammation in midlife is an independent risk factor for poorer cognitive performance later in life. Of the studied markers, IL-6 and TNF-α seem to be stronger predictors for cognitive performance and decline than hs-CRP.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.