Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36193678›Full record

ArticleeLife2022

Experimental evidence that group size generates divergent benefits of cooperative breeding for male and female ostriches.

Julian Melgar, Mads F Schou, Maud Bonato, Zanell Brand, Anel Engelbrecht, Schalk W P Cloete, Charlie K Cornwallis

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in eLife, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
3.6field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Group traits moderate the relationship between individual social traits and fitness in gorillas.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Julian MelgarDepartment of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0002-5718-8580
Mads F SchouDepartment of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
Maud BonatoDepartment of Animal Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
Zanell BrandDirectorate Animal Sciences, Western Cape Department of Agriculture, Elsenburg, South Africa.
Anel EngelbrechtDirectorate Animal Sciences, Western Cape Department of Agriculture, Elsenburg, South Africa.
Schalk W P CloeteDepartment of Animal Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0002-4548-5633
Charlie K CornwallisDepartment of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0003-1308-3995
Lund University · SEStellenbosch University · ZA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cooperative breeding allows the costs of parental care to be shared, but as groups become larger, such benefits often decline as competition increases and group cohesion breaks down. The counteracting forces of cooperation and competition are predicted to select for an optimal group size, but variation in groups is ubiquitous across cooperative breeding animals. Here, we experimentally test if group sizes vary because of sex differences in the costs and benefits of cooperative breeding in captive ostriches,

Indexed as

StruthioniformesAnimalsFemaleMaleReproductionSex CharacteristicsSexual Behavior, Animalbirdcompetitioncooperationecologyevolutionary biologyostrichostrich (struthio camelus)sexual conflictsexual selection

Identifiers

PMID36193678
PMCPMC9531942
OpenAlexW4300716378

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.