ArticleGenome research2022
Functional characterization of enhancer activity during a long terminal repeat's evolution.
Article in Genome research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Encyclopedia of DNA Elements.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- MER57E3 transposable elements regulate gene expression in a human cell model of neural development.Genome biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Lineage-specific regulatory evolution: insights from massively parallel reporter assays.Current opinion in genetics & development · 2025Review
- A phylogenetic approach uncovers cryptic endogenous retrovirus subfamilies in the primate lineage.Science advances · 2025Article
- Multi-species analysis of inflammatory response elements reveals ancient and lineage-specific contributions of transposable elements to NF-kB binding.Genome research · 2025Article
- Multi-omics analysis reveals criticaliScience · 2025Article
- Regulatory transposable elements in the encyclopedia of DNA elements.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Translation of genome-wide association study: from genomic signals to biological insights.Frontiers in genetics · 2024Review
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Many transposable elements (TEs) contain transcription factor binding sites and are implicated as potential regulatory elements. However, TEs are rarely functionally tested for regulatory activity, which in turn limits our understanding of how TE regulatory activity has evolved. We systematically tested the human LTR18A subfamily for regulatory activity using massively parallel reporter assay (MPRA) and found AP-1- and CEBP-related binding motifs as drivers of enhancer activity. Functional analysis of evolutionarily reconstructed ancestral sequences revealed that LTR18A elements have generally lost regulatory activity over time through sequence changes, with the largest effects occurring owing to mutations in the AP-1 and CEBP motifs. We observed that the two motifs are conserved at higher rates than expected based on neutral evolution. Finally, we identified LTR18A elements as potential enhancers in the human genome, primarily in epithelial cells. Together, our results provide a model for the origin, evolution, and co-option of TE-derived regulatory elements.
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Registered trials
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