ArticlePloS one2022
A social ecological approach to identify the barriers and facilitators to COVID-19 vaccination acceptance: A scoping review.
Article in PloS one, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Factors that influence recruitment to COVID-19 vaccine trials: a qualitative evidence synthesis.Trials · 2024Pooled it
- Review
- Socioeconomic determinants of COVID-19 vaccination and mortality: a cross-national path analysis.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Uncovering COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and intent in 15 developing countries: a multi-level, clustered analysis of six months of repeated, cross-sectional data.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Institutional factors influencing vaccine access in Canada: a scoping review.BMC public health · 2026Article
- [Motivation and perception of vaccine accessibility among people vaccinated against COVID-19 in Makokou, Gabon, in 2021-2022].Medecine tropicale et sante internationale · 2026Article
- Factors influencing the COVID-19 vaccine uptake among Ukrainian refugees in Poland: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Differences in COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and uptake according to region of birth: findings from a cross-sectional survey in Sweden.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Review
- Factors Associated with Parents' COVID-19 Vaccination Decisions for Their Children in an Economically Marginalized, Diverse Community.Journal of community health · 2025Article
- Determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among healthcare personnel in a secondary-level health facility in Ghana.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Strategies to Implement a Community-Based, Longitudinal Cohort Study: The Whole Communities-Whole Health Case Study.JMIR formative research · 2024Article
- Article
- Rethinking Barriers and Enablers in Qualitative Health Research: Limitations, Alternatives, and Enhancements.Qualitative health research · 2024Article
- Diverse roles of Primary Health Care in COVID-19 vaccination across 28 European countries - Insights from the Eurodata study.The European journal of general practice · 2024Article
- Barriers and facilitators to providing rehabilitation for long-term care residents with dementia: a qualitative study.BMC geriatrics · 2024Article
- Public and health care provider attitudes, understanding, and behaviors regarding emergency use authorizations: a scoping literature review.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Using the Social-Ecological Model to Assess Vaccine Hesitancy and Refusal in a Highly Religious Lower-Middle-Income Country.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Article
- Physicians' perspectives on COVID-19 vaccinations for children: a qualitative exploration in Ontario, Canada.BMJ open · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCOVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus that has caused substantial impact on population health, healthcare, and social and economic systems around the world. Several vaccines have been developed to control the pandemic with varying effectiveness and safety profiles. One of the biggest obstacles to implementing successful vaccination programmes is vaccine hesitancy stemming from concerns about effectiveness and safety. This review aims to identify the factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and acceptance and to organize the factors using the social ecological framework.
methodsWe adopted the five-stage methodological framework developed by Arksey and O'Malley to guide this scoping review. Selection criteria was based on the PICo (Population, Phenomenon of interest and Context) framework. Factors associated with acceptance and hesitancy were grouped into the following: intrapersonal, interpersonal, institutional, community, and public policy factors using the social ecological framework.
resultsFifty-one studies fulfilled this review's inclusion criteria. Most studies were conducted in Europe and North America, followed by Asia and the Middle East. COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy rates varied across countries. Some common demographic factors associated with hesitancy were younger age, being female, having lower than college education, and having a lower income level. Most of the barriers and facilitators to acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccines were intrapersonal factors, such as personal characteristics and preferences, concerns with COVID-19 vaccines, history/perception of general vaccination, and knowledge of COVID-19 and health. The remaining interpersonal, institution, community, and public policy factors were grouped into factors identified as barriers and facilitators.
conclusionOur review identified barriers and facilitators of vaccine acceptance and hesitancy and organised them using the social ecological framework. While some barriers and facilitators such as vaccine safety are universal, differentiated barriers might exist for different target groups, which need to be understood if they are to be addressed to maximize vaccine acceptance.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.