ReviewFrontiers in pharmacology2022
Toll-like receptor (TLRs) agonists and antagonists for COVID-19 treatments.
Review in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Toll-like receptors polymorphisms and COVID-19: a systematic review.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2025Pooled it
- The emerging role of TLR7-mediated signaling in respiratory viral infections and autoimmune diseases.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2026Review
- Article
- Virtual Screening Approaches Towards the Discovery of Toll-like Receptor 7 (TLR7) Antagonists for the Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis During COVID Infection.Current rheumatology reviews · 2026Review
- Herbal medicines against avian infectious bronchitis virus: shared host-directed and multi-stage antiviral pathways.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Review
- A deep generative model for deciphering cellular dynamics and in silico drug discovery in complex diseases.Nature biomedical engineering · 2025Article
- Engineered metallic hybrid nanozyme for advanced inflammatory disease therapy.Materials today. Bio · 2025Review
- Comprehensive mapping of the signaling events evoked by SARS-CoV-2 variants delta and omicron in human astrocytes.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Altered Gut Microbiota and Predicted Immune Dysregulation in Early Childhood SARS-CoV-2 Infection.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Age-Related Impairment of Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses Exacerbates Herpes Simplex Viral Infection.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Reproducibility of genetic risk factors identified for long COVID using combinatorial analysis across US and UK patient cohorts with diverse ancestries.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Anti-interferon armamentarium of human coronaviruses.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2025Review
- Comprehending toll-like receptors: pivotal element in the pathogenesis of sepsis and its complications.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19 Demonstrate Distinct Plasma Cytokine and Chemokine Concentrations in vivo and TLR-Mediated Cytokine and Chemokine Production in Whole Blood in vitro.Journal of innate immunity · 2025Article
- The innate immune response in SARS-CoV2 infection: focus on toll-like receptor 4 in severe disease outcomes.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Role of toll-like receptors in post-COVID-19 associated neurodegenerative disorders?Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- Aged Garlic Extract (AGE) and Its Constituent S-Allyl-Cysteine (SAC) Inhibit the Expression of Pro-Inflammatory Genes Induced in Bronchial Epithelial IB3-1 Cells by Exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein and the BNT162b2 Vaccine.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Evasion of the Antiviral Innate Immunity by PRV.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Immunity and Coagulation in COVID-19.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Taming the storm: potential anti-inflammatory compounds targeting SARS-CoV-2 MPro.Inflammopharmacology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) rapidly infects humans and animals which make coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) a grievous epidemic worldwide which broke out in 2020. According to data analysis of the other coronavirus family, for instance severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV), can provide experience for the mutation of SARS-CoV-2 and the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) as a pattern recognition receptor (PRRs), have an indispensable function in identifying the invader even activate the innate immune system. It is possible for organism to activate different TLR pathways which leads to secretion of proinflammatory cytokines such as Interleukin 1 (IL-1), Interleukin 6 (IL-6), Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and type Ⅰ interferon. As a component of non-specific immunity, TLRs pathway may participate in the SARS-CoV-2 pathogenic processes, due to previous works have proved that TLRs are involved in the invasion and infection of SARS-CoV and MERS to varying degrees. Different TLR, such as TLR2, TLR4, TLR7, TLR8 and TLR9 probably have a double-sided in COVID-19 infection. Therefore, it is of great significance for a correctly acknowledging how TLR take part in the SARS-CoV-2 pathogenic processes, which will be the development of treatment and prevention strategies.
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