Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36187162›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of general medicine2022

Incidence of Bacterial and Fungal Secondary Infections in COVID-19 Patients Admitted to the ICU.

Afnan J Alshrefy, Rawaa N Alwohaibi, Shahad A Alhazzaa, Reema A Almaimoni, Latifah I AlMusailet, Shaya Y AlQahtani, Mohammed S Alshahrani

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of general medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Candidiasis in Diabetes: Five-Year Retrospective on Glycaemic Control.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Afnan J AlshrefyCollege of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia.
Rawaa N AlwohaibiCollege of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia.
Shahad A AlhazzaaCollege of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia.
Reema A AlmaimoniCollege of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia.
Latifah I AlMusailetCollege of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia.
Shaya Y AlQahtaniDepartment of Internal Medicine and Critical Care Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Khobar, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia.
Mohammed S AlshahraniEmergency and Critical Care Departments, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Khobar, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0001-5946-2128

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: Secondary infections have been observed among coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, especially in the intensive care unit (ICU) setting, which is associated with worse clinical outcomes. The current study aimed to investigate the incidence, common pathogens, and outcome of bacterial and fungal secondary infections among ICU patients with COVID-19. Methods: A retrospective chart review of all patients admitted to the ICU at King Fahd Hospital of the University in Saudi Arabia. All adult patients aged ≥18 admitted in the ICU for ≥48 hours with positive COVID-19 reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction test during the period between March 2020 till September 2021 were included. Results: Out of 314 critically ill patients, 133 (42.4%) developed secondary infections. The incidence of secondary bacterial infection was 32.5% with Conclusion: Bacterial and fungal secondary infections are common among COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU with a predominance of gram-negative bacteria and

Indexed as

bacterialCOVID-19fungalintensive care unitsecondary infection

Identifiers

PMID36187162
PMCPMC9518678

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.