Trial reportNeurocritical care2023
Cytotoxic Edema and Adverse Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Intracerebral Hemorrhage.
Trial report in Neurocritical care, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to trial NCT07338175 (Efficacy and Safety of Minocycline in Patients With Acute Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage), which is not on this map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Efficacy and Safety of Minocycline in Patients With Acute Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Prospective, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Parallel-group, Phase III Trial
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hematoma Coagulation is Associated with Perihematoma Edema Volume in Patients with Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage.Neurocritical care · 2026Article
- Cytotoxic Edema and Intra-parenchymal Hemorrhage: A Mediated Pathway to Mortality and Functional Outcome in Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis- A sub-analysis of the CLOT-VENUS Registry.Translational stroke research · 2026Observational
- Cognitive impairment as a mediator of treatment discontinuation after intracerebral hemorrhage in acute leukemia.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Review
- Article
- Apolipoprotein E-ε4 allele is associated with perihematomal brain edema and poor outcomes in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.Scientific reports · 2025Observational
- Prognostic Significance of Serum NLRP3 in Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage.International journal of general medicine · 2025Article
- Associations of serum Dickkopf-1 levels with disease severity and 90-day Prognosis after spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage: results from the prospective cohort study.Neurosurgical review · 2024Article
- Curcumin can improve spinal cord injury by inhibiting DNA methylation.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2024Article
- Serum IRAK3 may serve as a prognostic biomarker in acute supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage: findings from a prospective observational cohort study.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCytotoxic edema (CE) is an important form of perihematomal edema (PHE), which is a surrogate marker of secondary injury after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). However, knowledge about CE after ICH is insufficient. Whether CE has adverse effects on clinical outcomes of patients with ICH remains unknown. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the temporal pattern of CE and its association with clinical outcomes in patients with ICH.
methodsData were derived from a randomized controlled study (comparing the deproteinized calf blood extract with placebo in patients with ICH). Intervention in this original study did not show any impact on hematoma and PHE volume, presence of CE, or clinical outcomes. We conducted our analysis in 20 patients who underwent magnetic resonance imaging with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) images at day 3 and within 7-12 days after symptom onset. CE was defined as an elevated DWI b1000 signal and an ADC value reduced by > 10% compared with the mirror area of interest in the perihematomal region. The modified Rankin Scale (mRS), National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), and Barthel Index (BI) were performed face to face at 30-day and 90-day follow-ups after ICH onset to assess the clinical outcomes of the patients.
resultsCE was detected in nearly two thirds of patients with ICH in our study and seemed to be reversible. CE within 7-12 days, rather than at day 3 after symptom onset, was associated with poor clinical outcome (mRS 3-6) at the 30-day follow-up (P = 0.020). In addition, compared with those without CE, patients with CE within 7-12 days had more severe neurological impairment measured by NIHSS score (P = 0.024) and worse daily life quality measured by BI (P = 0.004) at both the 30- and 90-day follow-ups.
conclusionsCE appears in the acute phase of ICH and might be reversible. CE within 7-12 days post ICH was related to poor outcomes, which provides a novel therapeutic target for ICH intervention.
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