SynthesisPsychopharmacology2022
A systematic review on the use of clozapine in treatment of tardive dyskinesia and tardive dystonia in patients with psychiatric disorders.
Synthesis in Psychopharmacology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Case Report: Successful Management of Mixed Tardive Syndrome With Combination Pharmacotherapy in a 19-Year-Old Female With Schizophrenia.Clinical case reports · 2026Article
- A Case of Meige Syndrome in a Pediatric Patient With Schizophrenia.Clinical case reports · 2026Article
- Clozapine-induced Myocarditis in Korea: Analysis of a Nationwide Database and Comparison to Other Countries.Clinical psychopharmacology and neuroscience : the official scientific journal of the Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Possible Improvement of Tardive Dyskinesia and Negative Symptoms With Lurasidone Augmentation in a Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia Patient.Case reports in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Clinical response to clozapine in Black people with psychosis: A secondary analysis of an open-label clinical trial.Therapeutic advances in psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Article
- Clozapine-associated adverse drug reactions in 38,349 psychiatric inpatients: drug surveillance data from the AMSP project between 1993 and 2016.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2024Observational
- Comparative Study of the Efficacy and Side Effects of Brand-Name and Generic Clozapine for Long-Term Maintenance Treatment Among Korean Patients With Schizophrenia: A Retrospective Naturalistic Mirror-Image Study.Psychiatry investigation · 2024Article
- Development of an individualized risk calculator of treatment resistance in patients with first-episode psychosis (TRipCal) using automated machine learning: a 12-year follow-up study with clozapine prescription as a proxy indicator.Translational psychiatry · 2024Article
- Rethinking Clozapine: Lights and Shadows of a Revolutionary Drug.Brain sciences · 2024Review
- Does clozapine treat antipsychotic-induced behavioural supersensitivity through glutamate modulation within the striatum?Molecular psychiatry · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
rationaleThough clozapine is recommended for treatment of tardive dyskinesia (TD) relating to the use of antipsychotic medications, studies comprehensively investigating the treatment effect of clozapine on TD are still limited.
objectivesThis review examines the effectiveness of clozapine as an intervention for tardive dyskinesia and dystonia in patients with all psychiatric conditions. Effectiveness of clozapine, duration to exert the effect and dosage used were also analysed.
methodsA search in the PubMed, PsycINFO and clinicaltrials databases was performed, using the search terms "Clozapine" AND "dyskinesia" OR "dystonia". Full-text articles that reported the use of clozapine to treat abnormal involuntary movements and were written in English were included.
resultsA total of 48 studies were identified, of which 13 were clinical trials and 35 were case reports. Significant improvement was seen in 86.7% of patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (average dose of clozapine = 355 mg/day) and 93% of patients with other psychiatric disorders (average dose of clozapine = 152.5 mg/day). Patients with other psychiatric diagnoses had faster improvement than the patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Variation in improvements and dosage were also seen in the clinical trials.
conclusionResults suggested an overall effectiveness of clozapine in the treatment of TD for patients with a range of psychiatric conditions. Different response time and clozapine dosage were seen in patients with different psychiatric conditions, suggesting different treatment protocols are required for different conditions. Most of the studies identified are of inadequate qualities, highlighting the need for high quality studies to provide clearer evidence.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.