ReviewClinical and experimental immunology2022
Cytokine production by human B cells: role in health and autoimmune disease.
Review in Clinical and experimental immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunosenescence and its impact on ischemic stroke risk and outcomes in older adults: a systematic review.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Pooled it
- Comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of the TGF-β1 T869C gene polymorphism and autoimmune disease susceptibility.Frontiers in genetics · 2025Pooled it
- Extended analysis on peripheral blood cytokines correlated with hepatitis B virus viral load in chronically infected patients - a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Autoimmune-associated thrombosis: mechanisms, population burden, and prevention strategies.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2026Review
- Temporal and transcriptional programming of effector memory B cells shapes vaccine platform-dependent humoral immunity.iScience · 2026Article
- A guide to B cell metabolism.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- Tumor-infiltrating plasma cell profiling after PD-1 blockade reveals tumor-specific antibodies.Cancer cell · 2026Article
- Protein Posttranslational Modifications in Immunity: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets.MedComm · 2026Review
- B Lymphocytes in Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults: From Autoimmune Activation to Immunometabolic Heterogeneity and Precision Therapeutic Perspectives.Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews · 2026Review
- "IL-40: A novel immunoregulatory axis at the crossroads of inflammation, tissue remodeling, and cancer immunity".Immunologic research · 2026Review
- The importance of B cells for osteogenic homeostasis.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Article
- Investigation of Cytokine Profiles, the Expression of Genes Involved in Somatic Hypermutation and Peripheral Tolerance, and Their Correlation with Autoantibody Levels in Northern-Thai Immunodeficient Patients Carrying Anti-Interferon-γ Autoantibodies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- B Cells are Activated via a Nanoporous Interface that Stabilizes Microvilli and Engages Mechanosensitive Ion Channels.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Surveying immune and inflammatory alterations in periodontitis among individuals with Down syndrome: A preliminary cross-sectional study.Journal of periodontology · 2026Article
- Emerging roles of POLR2L of RNA polymerase II dynamics and disease mechanisms (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2026Review
- Metabolic and neuroimmune control of rheumatoid arthritis: therapeutic implications of FXR and α7-nAChR axes.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Review
- Divergent Immunological and Neurotrophic Responses to CD20 Depletion in Relapsing and Progressive Multiple Sclerosis.Neurology and therapy · 2026Article
- Investigation of MMP-3, IL-6, IL-6R, and TNF-Alpha Levels in Fibromyalgia Patients Presenting to a Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinic.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- B cells maintain the homeostasis of splenic marginal zone antigen-presenting cells to promote the antiviral CD8Cellular & molecular immunology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
B cells are classically considered solely as antibody-producing cells driving humoral immune responses to foreign antigens in infections and vaccinations as well as self-antigens in pathological settings such as autoimmunity. However, it has now become clear that B cells can also secrete a vast array of cytokines, which influence both pro- and anti-inflammatory immune responses. Indeed, similarly to T cells, there is significant heterogeneity in cytokine-driven responses by B cells, ranging from the production of pro-inflammatory effector cytokines such as IL-6, through to the release of immunosuppressive cytokines such as IL-10. In this review, focusing on human B cells, we summarize the key findings that have revealed that cytokine-producing B cell subsets have critical functions in healthy immune responses and contribute to the pathophysiology of autoimmune diseases.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.