ArticleDiabetes care2022
Diabetes and Obesity in Down Syndrome Across the Lifespan: A Retrospective Cohort Study Using U.K. Electronic Health Records.
Article in Diabetes care, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Handgrip strength measurement protocols in individuals with Down syndrome: a systematic review and meta-regression.Annals of medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Overexpression of DYRK1A in down syndrome: Analysis of kinase activity.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2026Article
- Gene dosage imbalance disrupts systemic metabolism in the Dp16 Down syndrome mouse model.eLife · 2026Article
- Endocrine and Digestive Disorders Arising in Childhood in Down Syndrome and Their Cross-Talk.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Promoting Research Excellence in Down Syndrome: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference of the Trisomy 21 Research Society.Neuromolecular medicine · 2026Article
- Understanding Obesity in Individuals with Down Syndrome: Caregiver Perceptions, Awareness, and Motivation.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Vaccination in individuals with Down syndrome: immune vulnerability, safety, efficacy and opportunities.NPJ vaccines · 2026Review
- Age-related behavioral and molecular landmarks in new mouse models for studying Alzheimer's disease in Down syndrome.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- What Is Known About Persons with Intellectual Disabilities and Cardiovascular Risk Factors-A Scoping Review.Epidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Nutrient Intake and Physical Activity of School-Aged Children with Trisomy 21 Living in Manitoba, Canada.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Lifestyle intervention and cognitive outcomes in Down syndrome: a horizon 21 European Down syndrome consortium scoping review.Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders · 2026Article
- Genome-wide cell type-specific and sex-specific transcriptional dysregulation in the islet of Langerhans underlies islet dysfunction in Down syndrome-related diabetes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Down Syndrome and Obesity Management: Lifestyle Observations Made in the Framework of the GO-DS21 Project and Clinical Recommendations.Nutrients · 2026Observational
- Single-beat method echocardiographic comparison of ventricular-arterial coupling in adults with and without Down syndrome.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2026Article
- Article
- Gene dosage imbalance disrupts systemic metabolism in the Dp16 Down syndrome mouse model.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Pro‑inflammatory insulin‑resistant lipid phenotype in down syndrome identified byScientific reports · 2025Article
- Accelerometer Output and Oxygen Uptake in Adults With and Without Down Syndrome: METs vs. Percent VOJournal of intellectual disability research : JIDR · 2025Article
- Lifestyle Intervention Improves Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in Children with Down Syndrome.Nutrients · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveDown syndrome (DS) is the most common form of chromosomal trisomy. Genetic factors in DS may increase the risk for diabetes. This study aimed to determine whether DS is associated with an increased incidence of diabetes and the relationship with obesity across the life span compared with control patients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsThis matched population-based cohort study analyzed UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink data from 1990 to 2020.
resultsA total of 9,917 patients with DS and 38,266 control patients were analyzed. Diabetes rates were higher in patients with DS (incidence rate ratio 3.67; 95% CI 2.43-5.55; P < 0.0001) and peaked at a younger age (median age at diagnosis 38 [interquartile range 28-49] years vs. 53 [43-61] years in control patients). Incidence rates (per 1,000 person-years) for type 1 diabetes mellitus were 0.44 (95% CI 0.31-0.61) in patients with DS vs. 0.13 (0.09-0.17) in control patients. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rates were higher in patients with DS versus control patients in age-groups from 5 years up to 34 years. In patients with DS, peak mean BMI was higher and at a younger age (males 31.2 kg/m2 at age 31 years; females 32.1 kg/m2 at 43 years) versus control patients (males 29.5 kg/m2 at 54 years; females 29.2 kg/m2 at 51 years). Obesity was associated with an increased incidence of T2DM.
conclusionsAt younger ages, the incidence of diabetes in patients with DS is up to four times that of control patients. Peak mean BMI is higher and established earlier in DS, contributing to T2DM risk. Further investigation into the relationship between obesity and diabetes in DS is required to inform treatment and prevention measures.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.