ArticleFrontiers in immunology2022
Discovery of the first PD-1 ligand encoded by a pathogen.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- A functional interleukin-4 homolog is encoded in the genome of infectious laryngotracheitis virus: Unveiling a novel virulence factor.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Gingipain regulates isoform switches of PD-L1 in macrophages infected with Porphyromonas gingivalis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- FcγR requirements and costimulatory capacity of Urelumab, Utomilumab, and Varlilumab.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Large double-stranded DNA viruses deploy multiple strategies to subvert host immune defenses. Some of these tactics are mediated by viral gene products acquired by horizontal gene transfer from the corresponding hosts and shaped throughout evolution. The programmed death-1 (PD-1) receptor and its ligands, PD-L1 and PD-L2, play a pivotal role attenuating T-cell responses and regulating immune tolerance. In this study, we report the first functional PD-L1 homolog gene (De2) found in a pathogen. De2, captured by a γ-herpesvirus from its host during co-evolution around 50 million years ago, encodes a cell-surface glycoprotein that interacts with high affinity and stability with host PD-1. We also find that mutations evolved by the viral protein result in a significant loss of its ability to interact in
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