ReviewFrontiers in immunology2022
The role of PD-1/PD-L1 and application of immune-checkpoint inhibitors in human cancers.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 360 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
360 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 502 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Diagnostic accuracy of ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT radiomics for non-invasive prediction of PD-L1 expression in non-small cell lung cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Annals of nuclear medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Immunotherapy checkpoint inhibitor-combination therapy versus chemotherapy alone among Chinese population in cholangiocarcinoma treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors combined with multi-targeted anti-angiogenic TKIs in advanced or metastatic NSCLC: A meta-analysis based on RCTs.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Pooled it
- The prognostic value of the pan-immune-inflammation value in cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Pooled it
- Overall survival with immune checkpoint inhibitors across treatment settings and clinical and PD-L1-defined subgroups in advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- A Comprehensive Evaluation of the Effectiveness and Safety of Pembrolizumab for the Treatment of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Current cancer drug targets · 2026Pooled it
- Unlocking the potential of immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced cervical cancer: a meta-analysis and systematic review.BMC cancer · 2025Pooled it
- The efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in resectable stage I-III non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025Pooled it
- Angiosarcoma: a systematic review of biomarkers in diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Pooled it
- Sitravatinib plus tislelizumab in locally recurrent or metastatic triple-negative breast cancer: a multi-cohort, single-arm, phase II clinical trial (SPARK Trial).Molecular cancer · 2025Trial
- Efficacy analysis of TACE in combination with anlotinib and sintilimab in the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Real world incidence, predictors and outcomes of endocrine immune-related adverse events following immune checkpoint inhibitors.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Expression of V‑domain Ig suppressor of T cell activation in ovarian cancer and its regulation of follicular regulatory T‑cell function via the AKT/MAPK pathway.Oncology reports · 2026Article
- Reprogramming PD-L1 endosomal recycling and lysosomal degradation via engineered exosome-based nanocomposites overcomes immune resistance in lung cancer brain metastasis.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Gastrodin enhances the spleen immune function in erythroleukemia by regulating T-cell receptor signaling pathway.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2026Article
- Oncolytic virus-mediated remodeling of tumor microenvironment enhances efficacy of an HPV16 E6/E7 mRNA vaccine in an HPV-positive tumor.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2026Article
- Angiopoietin-like protein 4 deficiency promotes tumor immune infiltration and CD8Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2026Article
- Physical Exercise in Immunotherapy.Sports medicine - open · 2026Review
300 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) is a checkpoint receptor expressed on the surface of various immune cells. PD-L1, the natural receptor for PD-1, is mainly expressed in tumor cells. Studies have indicated that PD-1 and PD-L1 are closely associated with the progression of human cancers and are promising biomarkers for cancer therapy. Moreover, the interaction of PD-1 and PD-L1 is one of the important mechanism by which human tumors generate immune escape. This article provides a review on the role of PD-L1/PD-1, mechanisms of immune response and resistance, as well as immune-related adverse events in the treatment of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy in human cancers. Moreover, we summarized a large number of clinical trials to successfully reveal that PD-1/PD-L1 Immune-checkpoint inhibitors have manifested promising therapeutic effects, which have been evaluated from different perspectives, including overall survival, objective effective rate and medium progression-free survival. Finally, we pointed out the current problems faced by PD-1/PD-L1 Immune-checkpoint inhibitors and its future prospects. Although PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors have been widely used in the treatment of human cancers, tough challenges still remain. Combination therapy and predictive models based on integrated biomarker determination theory may be the future directions for the application of PD-1/PD-L1 Immune-checkpoint inhibitors in treating human cancers.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.