ArticleHuman resources for health2022
A national analysis of the pharmacy workforce in Indonesia.
Article in Human resources for health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Adaptive professionalism among rural primary care pharmacists: A qualitative study of stunting prevention practice in eastern Indonesia.Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy · 2026Article
- Local systems, local solutions: which factors drive essential medicine availability in public health facilities across Indonesia?BMJ global health · 2026Article
- Article
- A narrative review of pharmacy workforce challenges in Indonesia.Human resources for health · 2025Review
- The incentivized drug information services among community pharmacists: a multi-centre cross-sectional study in Indonesia.Primary health care research & development · 2025Article
- "Opportunities and responsibilities": how do pharmacists assess their professionalism?BMC medical education · 2024Article
- Multidisciplinary tuberculosis care: leveraging the role of hospital pharmacists.BMJ open respiratory research · 2023Article
- Knowledge, perception, and willingness to provide telepharmacy services among pharmacy students: a multicenter cross-sectional study in Indonesia.BMC medical education · 2023Article
- An analysis of pharmacy workforce capacity in Saudi Arabia.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPharmacists play a fundamental role in healthcare systems and achieving Universal Health Coverage (UHC) through quality primary healthcare service provision. While the World Health Organization (WHO) forecasts a global shortage of health workforce by 2030, mainly affecting low- and middle-income nations (LMICs), limited published literature is found regarding pharmacy workforce capacity in LMICs, including Indonesia. This paper aims to analyse pharmacists' capacity in Indonesia to identify emerging workforce planning gaps for future workforce planning and policies in Indonesia.
methodSeveral data sources were accessed, including a database from the National Pharmacy Committee and the professional leadership body in Indonesia. Descriptive (frequencies, percentages, and mean), correlational and time-series analysis using curve estimation were conducted. Secondary data on the number of programmes, pharmacy students, pharmacy workforce (pharmacists and pharmacy technicians) per province were obtained from the Ministry websites and reports.
resultThere were a total of 77 191 registered pharmacists in Indonesia in 2019. The pharmacists' pyramid showed a youth bulge as a general indication of market expansion in the education sector correlating to the pharmacy programme's number and size. There was a variation in pharmacy workforce density and access to pharmacy programmes across islands, which also were strongly correlated. Forecasting estimates that by 2030, women will represent around 86% of pharmacists in Indonesia. More female pharmacists were found working in the hospital and primary healthcare (providing direct services to patients) than male pharmacists. Younger pharmacists worked in the industrial sector, while older pharmacists worked in governmental and educational institutions.
conclusionThis study signposted workforce planning gaps for policy development in Indonesia, including a need to develop structured training to support early career pharmacists in their practice. There is also a need for better access to professional development programmes designed to support female pharmacists return to the regulated workforce following career breaks. National policy to promote equitable distribution and retention of pharmacists is recommended.
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