ArticleBMC molecular and cell biology2022
Effects of growth hormone/estrogen/androgen on COVID-19-type proinflammatory responses in normal human lung epithelial BEAS-2B cells.
Article in BMC molecular and cell biology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Androgens are a Key Factor Affecting Immune Related Diseases.The world journal of men's health · 2026Review
- Role of Ferroptosis on Lung Epithelial Cells in Disease Progression and Treatment: A Review.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2025Review
- The Impact of Growth Hormone Treatment on COVID-19 Susceptibility and Severity in Children with Short Stature: A Survey Study with Mendelian Randomization Analysis.Infection and drug resistance · 2024Article
- A review on lipid and polymeric nano-based 17-β-estradiol delivery systems: advances and challenges.Journal of pharmacy & pharmaceutical sciences : a publication of the Canadian Society for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Societe canadienne des sciences pharmaceutiques · 2024Review
- Literature-Based Discovery to Elucidate the Biological Links between Resistant Hypertension and COVID-19.Biology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCOVID-19 is a disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, which can cause mild to serious infections in humans. We aimed to explore the effect of growth hormone (GH)/estrogen/androgen in normal human lung epithelial BEAS-2B cells on COVID-19-type proinflammatory responses.
methodsA BEAS-2B COVID-19-like proinflammatory cell model was constructed. After that, the cells were treated with GH, 17β-estradiol (E2), and testosterone (Tes) for 24 h. CCK-8 assays were utilized to evaluate cell viability. The mRNA expression of ACE2, AGTR1, TMRRSS2, and ISG15 and the protein expression of ACE2, AGTR1, TMRRSS2, and ISG15 were measured by qRT‒PCR and Western blotting, respectively. ELISAs were performed to determine IL-6, MCP-1, MDA and SOD expression. Flow cytometry was used to measure ROS levels. Finally, MAPK/NF-κB pathway-related factor expression was evaluated.
resultsThe COVID-19-type proinflammatory model was successfully constructed, and 1000 ng/mL RBD treatment for 24 h was selected as the condition for the model group for subsequent experiments. After RBD treatment, cell viability decreased, the mRNA expression of ACE2, AGTR1, TMRRSS2, and ISG15 and the protein expression of ACE2, AGTR1, TMRRSS2, and ISG15 increased, IL-6, MCP-1, MDA and ROS levels increased, and MDA levels decreased. The mRNA levels of MAPK14 and RELA increased, but the protein levels did not change significantly. In addition, phospho-MAPK14 and phospho-RELA protein levels were also increased. Among the tested molecules, E2 had the most pronounced effect, followed by GH, while Tes showed the opposite effect.
conclusionGH/E2 alleviated inflammation in a COVID-19-type proinflammatory model, but Tes showed the opposite effect.
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Registered trials
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