ReviewThe Journal of biological chemistry2022
Insights into the biochemical and biophysical mechanisms mediating the longevity of the transparent optics of the eye lens.
Review in The Journal of biological chemistry, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dimerization of natively folded molecules drives misfolding and aggregation in Cys-depleted variants of cataract-associated human lens γD-crystallin.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Article
- The Mammalian Ocular Lens in Focus: Development, Anatomy, Physiology, Transparency, Biomechanics, and Age-related Challenges.Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE · 2026Review
- Metallomic Analysis of Vitreous Humor of the Human Eye-A Post-Mortem Multielemental Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Lens aging and disease: Molecular mechanisms, functional consequences, and pharmacological implications.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2026Review
- Lens epithelial cells senescence in cataract pathogenesis and emerging therapeutic opportunities.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Analysis of mouse lens morphological and proteomic abnormalities following deletion of the βB3-crystallin promoter.Experimental eye research · 2025Article
- CD24 is required for sustained transparency of the adult lens.Experimental eye research · 2025Article
- New Insights into the Role of Cellular Senescence and Its Therapeutic Implications in Ocular Diseases.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Refractive index gradient in the lens: reflections on form and function and on the lens paradox.Frontiers in ophthalmology · 2025Review
- Ankyrin-B is required for the establishment and maintenance of lens cytoarchitecture, mechanics and clarity.Journal of cell science · 2024Article
- TRPV1-dependent NKCC1 activation in mouse lens involves integrin and the tubulin cytoskeleton.Journal of cellular physiology · 2024Article
- Measurement of absolute abundance of crystallins in human and αA N101D transgenic mouse lenses usingExperimental eye research · 2024Article
- Oxidative Stress in Cataract Formation: Is There a Treatment Approach on the Horizon?Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Cumulative asparagine to aspartate deamidation fails to perturb γD-crystallin structure and stability.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2024Article
- Aging of the eye: Lessons from cataracts and age-related macular degeneration.Ageing research reviews · 2024Review
- Through theGenes · 2024Review
- Review
- Prevention of age-related truncation of γ-glutamylcysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC) delays cataract formation.Science advances · 2024Article
- Cholesterol Content Regulates the Interaction of αA-, αB-, and α-Crystallin with the Model of Human Lens-Lipid Membranes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- The major inducible small heat shock protein HSP20-3 in the tardigrade Ramazzottius varieornatus forms filament-like structures and is an active chaperone.Cell stress & chaperones · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In the human eye, a transparent cornea and lens combine to form the "refracton" to focus images on the retina. This requires the refracton to have a high refractive index "n," mediated largely by extracellular collagen fibrils in the corneal stroma and the highly concentrated crystallin proteins in the cytoplasm of the lens fiber cells. Transparency is a result of short-range order in the spatial arrangement of corneal collagen fibrils and lens crystallins, generated in part by post-translational modifications (PTMs). However, while corneal collagen is remodeled continuously and replaced, lens crystallins are very long-lived and are not replaced and so accumulate PTMs over a lifetime. Eventually, a tipping point is reached when protein aggregation results in increased light scatter, inevitably leading to the iconic protein condensation-based disease, age-related cataract (ARC). Cataracts account for 50% of vision impairment worldwide, affecting far more people than other well-known protein aggregation-based diseases. However, because accumulation of crystallin PTMs begins before birth and long before ARC presents, we postulate that the lens protein PTMs contribute to a "cataractogenic load" that not only increases with age but also has protective effects on optical function by stabilizing lens crystallins until a tipping point is reached. In this review, we highlight decades of experimental findings that support the potential for PTMs to be protective during normal development. We hypothesize that ARC is preventable by protecting the biochemical and biophysical properties of lens proteins needed to maintain transparency, refraction, and optical function.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.