ArticleAlimentary pharmacology & therapeutics2022
Trends in characteristics, management, and outcomes of patients presenting with gastrointestinal bleeding to emergency departments in the United States from 2006 to 2019.
Article in Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Early nutrition is safe and does not increase complications after upper gastrointestinal bleeding-a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Scientific reports · 2024Pooled it
- One in four patients with gastrointestinal bleeding develops shock or hemodynamic instability: A systematic review and meta-analysis.World journal of gastroenterology · 2023Pooled it
- Functional disability after clinically significant extracranial bleeding: a secondary analysis of the Aspirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly (ASPREE) Trial.Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH · 2025Trial
- Impact of antithrombotic therapy on management and prognosis of patients hospitalized for upper gastrointestinal bleeding: a multicenter retrospective cohort study.Internal and emergency medicine · 2026Article
- Non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding: advances and future directions in management.Clinical endoscopy · 2026Review
- Nonvariceal Upper GI Bleeding in Established Users of Proton-Pump Inhibitors: Higher Incidence But Better Outcomes.Clinical and translational gastroenterology · 2026Observational
- A Clustering-Based Machine Learning Approach for Mortality Prediction in Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Development and Validation.Gastro hep advances · 2026Article
- CHANGING PATTERNS IN THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF ACUTEGASTROINTESTINAL BLEEDING IN BRAZIL OVER THE LAST 12 YEARS.Arquivos de gastroenterologia · 2026Article
- Early enteral nutrition in critically-ill patients.World journal of critical care medicine · 2025Review
- Endoscopic treatment modalities for colonic diverticular bleeding: A systematic review with direct and network meta-analyses.World journal of gastrointestinal endoscopy · 2025Article
- Expert of Experts Verification and Alignment (EVAL) Framework for Large Language Models Safety in Gastroenterology.NPJ digital medicine · 2025Article
- Oakland score to identify low-risk patients with lower gastrointestinal bleeding performs well among emergency department patients.International journal of emergency medicine · 2025Article
- Which scoring systems are useful for predicting the prognosis of lower gastrointestinal bleeding? Old and new.BMC gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Construction of a predictive model for rebleeding risk in upper gastrointestinal bleeding patients based on clinical indicators such asFrontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- National trends in hospitalizations for gastrointestinal bleeding in Japan.Journal of clinical biochemistry and nutrition · 2024Article
- Achieving Value by Risk Stratification With Machine Learning Model or Clinical Risk Score in Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: A Cost Minimization Analysis.The American journal of gastroenterology · 2024Article
- Endoscopy Pre- and During COVID-19 Lockdown - Same Outcomes of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding Despite Its Severity and Comorbidity.Gastro hep advances · 2024Review
- Trends in Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Patients on Primary Prevention Aspirin: A Nationwide Emergency Department Sample Analysis, 2016-2020.The American journal of medicine · 2023Article
- Doppler-Guided Second-Look Endoscopy in Peptic Ulcer Bleeding: A Randomised Controlled Trial.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- A comparative study of scoring systems that accurately predict the prognosis of lower gastrointestinal bleeding.International journal of colorectal disease · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundRecent epidemiologic studies of trends in gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) provided results through 2014 or earlier and assessed only hospitalised patients, excluding patients presenting to emergency departments (EDs) who are not hospitalised.
aimsTo provide the first U.S. nationwide epidemiological evaluation of all patients presenting to EDs with GIB
methodsWe used the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample for 2006-2019 to calculate yearly projected incidence of patients presenting to EDs with primary diagnoses of GIB, categorised by location and aetiology. Outcomes were assessed with multivariable analyses.
resultsThe age/sex-adjusted incidence for GIB increased from 378.4 to 397.5/100,000 population from 2006 to 2019. Upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) incidence decreased from 2006 to 2014 (112.3-94.4/100,000) before increasing to 116.2/100,000 by 2019. Lower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB) incidence increased from 2006 to 2015 (146.0 to 161.0/100,000) before declining to 150.2/100,000 by 2019. The proportion of cases with one or more comorbidities increased from 27.4% to 35.9% from 2006 to 2019. Multivariable analyses comparing 2019 to 2006 showed increases in ED discharges (odds ratio [OR] = 1.45; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.43-1.48) and decreases in red blood cell (RBC) transfusions (OR = 0.62; 0.61-0.63), endoscopies (OR = 0.60; 0.59-0.61), death (OR = 0.51; 0.48-0.54) and length of stay (relative ratio [RR] = 0.81; 0.80-0.82). Inpatient cost decreased from 2012 to 2019 (RR = 0.92; 0.91-0.93).
conclusionsThe incidence of GIB in the U.S. is increasing. UGIB incidence has been increasing since 2014 while LGIB incidence has been decreasing since 2015. Despite a more comorbid population in 2019, case fatality rate, length of stay and costs have decreased. More patients are discharged from the ED and the rate of RBC transfusions has decreased, possibly reflecting changing clinical practice in response to updated guidelines.
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