ArticleGraefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie2023
Imposed positive defocus changes choroidal blood flow in young human subjects.
Article in Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06527274 (Effect of Defocus in Soft Contact Lenses on Internal Retinal Vascularization), which is not on this map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Defocus in Soft Contact Lenses on Internal Retinal Vascularization
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Variations of axial eye shortening in response to positive defocus over the day.Journal of optometry · 2026Article
- Myopia as a Global Public Health Challenge a Narrative Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Short-Term Effects of Optically Induced and Digitally Simulated Myopic Blur on Retinal Perfusion: Insights From Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- The Influence of Highly Aspherical Lenslets on Choroidal Thickness and Axial Length.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Acceleration of Myopic Shifts in Refraction and Axial Elongation Begins in the Premyopia Stage.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Pilot study: non-invasive binocular fundal pulsation measurements using infrared photorefraction.Biomedical optics express · 2025Article
- Choroidal Control Technology: New Horizons in Maculopathy and Presbyopia.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2025Article
- Retinal oxygen metabolic function in choroideremia and retinitis pigmentosa.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2025Observational
- Effects of orthokeratology lenses on choroidal thickness and choriocapillaris perfusion in myopic children.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Factors Associated With Ocular Perfusion Measurements as Obtained With Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging.Translational vision science & technology · 2024Article
- Age related grid-wise spatial analysis of choroidal parameters in well characterised healthy population.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Peripheral Contrast Reduction Optically Induced by Scattering Lenses Thickens Peripheral Choroid.Translational vision science & technology · 2024Article
- Myopia Is an Ischemic Eye Condition: A Review from the Perspective of Choroidal Blood Flow.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Peripheral Choroidal Response to Localized Defocus Blur: Influence of Native Peripheral Aberrations.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- Short-Term Myopic Defocus and Choroidal Thickness in Children and Adults.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- Choroidal Morphology and Photoreceptor Activity Are Related and Affected by Myopia Development.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- Choroidal vasculature act as predictive biomarkers of long-term ocular elongation in myopic children treated with orthokeratology: a prospective cohort study.Eye and vision (London, England) · 2023Article
- Ocular blood flow evaluation by laser speckle flowgraphy in pediatric patients with anisometropia.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeIt has previously been found that imposing positive defocus changes axial length and choroidal thickness after only 30 min. In the present study, we investigated whether these changes may result from an altered choroidal blood flow.
methodsEighteen young adult subjects watched a movie from a large screen (65 in.) in a dark room at 2 m distance. A 15-min wash-out period was followed by 30 min of watching the movie with a monocular positive defocus (+ 2.5D). Changes in axial length and ocular blood flow were measured before and after the defocus, by using low-coherent interferometer (LS 900, Haag-Streit, Switzerland) and a laser speckle flowgraphy (LSFG) RetFlow unit (Nidek Co., LTD, Japan), respectively. Three regions were analyzed: (1) the macular area, where choroidal blood flow can be measured, (2) the optic nerve head (ONH), and (3) retinal vessel segments.
resultsChanges in choroidal blood flow were significantly and negatively correlated with changes in axial length that followed positive defocus in exposed eyes (R = - 0.67, p < 0.01). The absolute values of changes in choroidal blood flow in the defocused eyes were significantly larger than in the fellow control eyes (2.35 ± 2.16 AU vs. 1.37 ± 1.44 AU, respectively, p < 0.05). ONH and retinal blood flow were not associated with the induced changes in axial length.
conclusionsPositive defocus selectively alters choroidal, but not retinal or ONH blood flow in young human subjects after short-term visual exposure. The results suggest that blood flow modulation is involved in the mechanism of choroidal responses to optical defocus.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.