ArticleScience robotics2022
Gastrointestinal tract drug delivery using algae motors embedded in a degradable capsule.
Article in Science robotics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 146 citations in OpenAlex.
- Microalgae as novel drug-delivery system for biomedical field.Drug delivery · 2026Review
- Task-Oriented Biomedical Microrobots: Access, Working Environment, Actuation, Body Design, Detection and Control.Micromachines · 2026Review
- A self-triggering and fully sustainable gastric device enabling long-acting oral delivery of macromolecules.Science advances · 2026Article
- Review of Gastrointestinal Capsule Robots: Materials, Actuation, Diagnostics, and Therapeutics.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Miniature Soft Robot With Magnetically Reprogrammable Surgical Functions.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Adaptive intrathecal nanorobotics in mice and nonhuman primates for navigated CNS therapy.Science advances · 2026Article
- Deployment and clearance of microrobots for localized therapy: past, present and future.National science review · 2026Review
- Magnetic medical microrobots with memory-capable genetic circuits.Science advances · 2026Article
- Spirulina and Its Bioactive Compounds as Multi-Target Anticancer Agents: Mechanisms, Immune Modulation, and Translational Potential.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Microrobotic copper-rich electrochemical interfacing for targeted cancer theranostics in the gut.Science advances · 2026Article
- Article
- Stress-trained microalgae robots with probiotics backpack and intestinal brake for inflammatory bowel disease management.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Microalgae: emerging forces and prospects in the field of wound healing.Burns & trauma · 2026Review
- Stable magnetic soft structures.Science advances · 2025Article
- Micro/nano motors treating of digestive system diseases.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Review
- Living photosynthetic micro/nano-platforms: Engineering unicellular algae for biomedical applications.Bioactive materials · 2025Review
- Micro/Nano-Motors for Enhanced Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Magnetically induced magnetosome chain (MAGiC): A biogenic magnetic-particle-imaging tracer with high performance and navigability.Science advances · 2025Article
- Unlocking the potential of microalgae-derived therapeutic carriers: Characteristics, types, and nanomedical applications.Materials today. Bio · 2025Review
- Technology Roadmap of Micro/Nanorobots.ACS nano · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The use of micromotors for active drug delivery via oral administration has recently gained considerable interest. However, efficient motor-assisted delivery into the gastrointestinal (GI) tract remains challenging, owing to the short propulsion lifetime of currently used micromotor platforms. Here, we report on an efficient algae-based motor platform, which takes advantage of the fast and long-lasting swimming behavior of natural microalgae in intestinal fluid to prolong local retention within the GI tract. Fluorescent dye or cell membrane-coated nanoparticle functionalized algae motors were further embedded inside a pH-sensitive capsule to enhance delivery to the small intestines. In vitro, the algae motors displayed a constant motion behavior in simulated intestinal fluid after 12 hours of continuous operation. When orally administered in vivo into mice, the algae motors substantially improved GI distribution of the dye payload compared with traditional magnesium-based micromotors, which are limited by short propulsion lifetimes, and they also enhanced retention of a model chemotherapeutic payload in the GI tract compared with a passive nanoparticle formulation. Overall, combining the efficient motion and extended lifetime of natural algae-based motors with the protective capabilities of oral capsules results in a promising micromotor platform capable of achieving greatly improved cargo delivery in GI tissue for practical biomedical applications.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.