Observational studyRevista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia2022
Impact of the use of antibiotics on the clinical response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.
Observational study in Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gut microbes and immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Pooled it
- Antibiotic adoption effects on nutrition and quality of life in lung cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy and chemotherapy: A meta-analysis.Technology and health care : official journal of the European Society for Engineering and Medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Microbiota as a modulator of drug response: targeting microbial-drug crosstalk in cancer therapy.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- The gut resistome as a potential determinant of immunotherapy response: antibiotics, immunometabolism, and precision oncology.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Article
- Antibiotic use during radical surgery in stage I-III colorectal cancer: correlation with outcomes?BMC cancer · 2024Article
- Gut Microbiota Are a Novel Source of Biomarkers for Immunotherapy in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC).Cancers · 2024Review
- Antibiotic treatment and survival in non-small cell lung cancer patients receiving immunotherapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Translational lung cancer research · 2023Article
- The crosstalk between the gut microbiota and tumor immunity: Implications for cancer progression and treatment outcomes.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveRecent research suggests that the use of antibiotics could reduce the efficacy of checkpoint inhibitors, in addition to other well-known factors. It could be due to gut microbiota modification, which impact over the immune system response. However, the information available so far is contradictory. The objective of this research was to clarify whether antibiotic use influences efficacy of checkpoint inhibitors treatments in non-small cell lung cancer patients in clinical practice.
methodsTherefore, a retrospective observational study was designed. Use of antibiotics among patients treated with atezolizumab, pembrolizumab or nivolumab was assessed within 2 months of checkpoint inhibitors treatments initiation.
resultsA total of 140 patients were included, mostly men, with good performance status (ECOG 0-1), all of them previously treated with chemotherapy. An antibiotic prescription was identified in 31% of these patients, mainly fluoroquinolones or beta-lactams. The most frequent indication was respiratory infection. Both progression-free survival and overall survival were lower for patients treated with anti-infective drugs, although this difference was not statistically significant.
conclusionsMore studies are needed to draw conclusions about the impact of antibiotics on the efficacy of immunotherapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.