ArticleScientific reports2022
Upregulation of interleukin-19 in saliva of patients with COVID-19.
Article in Scientific reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- IL-19 Modulates Antiviral Immunity and Inflammation via IL-20RB/STAT3/TRIM22 Signaling Pathway.Journal of medical virology · 2026Article
- Interleukin-10 family cytokines: key regulators and novel therapeutic targets for respiratory diseases.Inflammopharmacology · 2025Review
- Immune Dysregulation in the Oral Cavity during Early SARS-CoV-2 Infection.Journal of dental research · 2024Article
- Article
- How do deer respiratory epithelial cells weather the initial storm of SARS-CoV-2 WA1/2020 strain?Microbiology spectrum · 2024Article
- A Multi-Machine Learning Consensus Model Based on Clinical Features Reveals That Interleukin-10 Derived from Monocytes Leads to a Poor Prognosis in Patients with Coronavirus Disease-2019.Journal of inflammation research · 2024Article
- COVID-19-Omics Report: From Individual Omics Approaches to Precision Medicine.Reports (MDPI) · 2023Review
- Interaction of S100A6 Protein with the Four-Helical Cytokines.Biomolecules · 2023Article
- Isocratic ion pair chromatography for estimation of novel combined inhalation therapy that blocks coronavirus replication in chronic asthmatic patients.Scientific reports · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cytokines are major players in orchestrating inflammation, disease pathogenesis and severity during COVID-19 disease. However, the role of IL-19 in COVID-19 pathogenesis remains elusive. Herein, through the analysis of transcriptomic datasets of SARS-CoV-2 infected lung cells, nasopharyngeal swabs, and lung autopsies of COVID-19 patients, we report that expression levels of IL-19 and its receptor, IL-20R2, were upregulated following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Of 202 adult COVID-19 patients, IL-19 protein level was significantly higher in blood and saliva of asymptomatic patients compared to healthy controls when adjusted for patients' demographics (P < 0.001). Interestingly, high saliva IL-19 level was also associated with COVID-19 severity (P < 0.0001), need for mechanical ventilation (P = 0.002), and/or death (P = 0.010) within 29 days of admission, after adjusting for patients' demographics, diabetes mellitus comorbidity, and COVID-19 serum markers of severity such as D-dimer, C-reactive protein, and ferritin. Moreover, patients who received interferon beta during their hospital stay had lower plasma IL-19 concentrations (24 pg mL
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