Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36163284›Full record

ReviewNature neuroscience2022

How to build a cognitive map.

James C R Whittington, David McCaffary, Jacob J W Bakermans, Timothy E J Behrens

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Nature neuroscience, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 113 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
113citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

113 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Cognitive maps as a medium for thought.Trends in cognitive sciences · 2026
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. The hippocampus as a generative model.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2026
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Antagonism shapes social maps in the human brain.Communications psychology · 2026
    Article
  12. Planning in the Brain: It's Not What You Think It Is.Annual review of neuroscience · 2026
    Review
  13. Review
  14. Oxytocin modulates the neurocomputational mechanisms engaged in learning rank relationships in social networks.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  15. Transformations of the spatial activity manifold convey aversive information in CA3.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  16. The hippocampus as a small-world cognitive map.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Building Goal-Directed Cognitive Graphs.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  20. Article

53 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

James C R Whittington *Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. jcrwhittington@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5680-5586
David McCaffary *Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Jacob J W BakermansWellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1645-2645
Timothy E J BehrensWellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0048-1177

Funding

Wellcome Trust (Wellcome) 203139/Z/16/ZWellcome Trust (Wellcome) 203147/Z/16/ZWellcome Trust (Wellcome) 214314/Z/18/ZWellcome Trust (Wellcome) 219525/Z/19/ZWellcome Trust (Wellcome) 222817/Z/21/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Learning and interpreting the structure of the environment is an innate feature of biological systems, and is integral to guiding flexible behaviors for evolutionary viability. The concept of a cognitive map has emerged as one of the leading metaphors for these capacities, and unraveling the learning and neural representation of such a map has become a central focus of neuroscience. In recent years, many models have been developed to explain cellular responses in the hippocampus and other brain areas. Because it can be difficult to see how these models differ, how they relate and what each model can contribute, this Review aims to organize these models into a clear ontology. This ontology reveals parallels between existing empirical results, and implies new approaches to understand hippocampal-cortical interactions and beyond.

Indexed as

BrainHippocampusBrain MappingCognitionLearning

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.