Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36162238›Full record

ArticleNeuroImage. Clinical2022

Subcortical brain volumes in young infants exposed to antenatal maternal depression: Findings from a South African birth cohort.

Nynke A Groenewold, Catherine J Wedderburn, Jennifer A Pellowski, Jean-Paul Fouché, Liza Michalak, Annerine Roos, Roger P Woods, Katherine L Narr, Heather J Zar, Kirsten A Donald and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in NeuroImage. Clinical, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
3.2field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
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  6. Prenatal exposure to extreme heat and autism in children.The Science of the total environment · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

Nynke A GroenewoldDepartment of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council (SA-MRC) Unit on Child & Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Psychiatry & Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; The Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. Electronic address: nynke.groenewold@uct.ac.za.
Catherine J WedderburnDepartment of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; The Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
Jennifer A PellowskiDepartment of Behavioral and Social Sciences and International Health Institute, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA; Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Jean-Paul FouchéDepartment of Psychiatry & Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; The Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Liza MichalakDepartment of Psychiatry & Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Annerine RoosDepartment of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; The Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; SA-MRC Unit on Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Roger P WoodsDepartments of Neurology, Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA.
Katherine L NarrDepartments of Neurology, Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA.
Heather J ZarDepartment of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; South African Medical Research Council (SA-MRC) Unit on Child & Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Kirsten A DonaldDepartment of Paediatrics and Child Health, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; The Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Dan J SteinDepartment of Psychiatry & Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; The Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; SA-MRC Unit on Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
University of Cape Town · ZASouth African Medical Research Council · ZAUniversity of California, Los Angeles · US

Funding

A neuroimaging study of 2 year old children with alcohol exposure compared to healthy unexposed controls embedded in a birth cohort studyR21AA023887 · NIAAA · UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN · PI DONALD, KIRSTY · 2016 to 2017
$280k
NIAAA NIH HHS R21 AA023887Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSeveral studies have reported enlarged amygdala and smaller hippocampus volumes in children and adolescents exposed to maternal depression. It is unclear whether similar volumetric differences are detectable in the infants' first weeks of life, following exposure in utero. We investigated subcortical volumes in 2-to-6 week old infants exposed to antenatal maternal depression (AMD) from a South African birth cohort.

methodsAMD was measured with the Beck Depression Inventory 2nd edition (BDI-II) at 28-32 weeks gestation. T2-weighted structural images were acquired during natural sleep on a 3T Siemens Allegra scanner. Subcortical regions were segmented based on the University of North Carolina neonatal brain atlas. Volumetric estimates were compared between AMD-exposed (BDI-II ⩾ 20) and unexposed (BDI-II < 14) infants, adjusted for age, sex and total intracranial volume using analysis of covariance.

resultsLarger volumes were observed in AMD-exposed (N = 49) compared to unexposed infants (N = 75) for the right amygdala (1.93% difference, p = 0.039) and bilateral caudate nucleus (left: 5.79% difference, p = 0.001; right: 6.09% difference, p < 0.001). A significant AMD-by-sex interaction was found for the hippocampus (left: F(1,118) = 4.80, p = 0.030; right: F(1,118) = 5.16, p = 0.025), reflecting greater volume in AMD-exposed females (left: 5.09% difference, p = 0.001, right: 3.54% difference, p = 0.010), but not males.

conclusionsVolumetric differences in subcortical regions can be detected in AMD-exposed infants soon after birth, suggesting structural changes may occur in utero. Female infants might exhibit volumetric changes that are not observed in male infants. The potential mechanisms underlying these early volumetric differences, and their significance for long-term child mental health, require further investigation.

Indexed as

Birth CohortDepressive DisorderAdolescentAmygdalaBrainCaudate NucleusChildFemaleHumansInfantInfant, NewbornMagnetic Resonance ImagingPregnancyBrain morphometryChild developmentDepressive disordersMagnetic resonance imagingPrenatal stressSex differences

Identifiers

PMID36162238
PMCPMC9668606
OpenAlexW4296445618

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.