ArticleTransboundary and emerging diseases2022
Multiple independent introductions of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5 viruses during the 2020-2021 epizootic in France.
Article in Transboundary and emerging diseases, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Avian influenza in Ireland: a spatiotemporal, subtype and host-based analysis (1983-2024).The Journal of general virology · 2026Article
- Wild birds drive the introduction, maintenance, and spread of H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b high pathogenicity avian influenza viruses in Spain, 2021-2022.Virus evolution · 2026Article
- Emergence and Genetic Characteristics of H5N1, H5N6, and H5N3 Clade 2.3.4.4b High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza Viruses in South Korea During the 2023-2024 and 2024-2025 Winter Seasons.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2026Article
- Poultry farm density and proximity drive highly pathogenic avian influenza spread.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Promising Effects of Duck Vaccination against Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza, France, 2023-2024.Emerging infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Investigating the role of environmental factors in the French highly pathogenic avian influenza epizootic in 2022-2023.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Spatial risk modelling of highly pathogenic avian influenza in France: Fattening duck farm activity matters.PloS one · 2025Article
- Surveillance Strategy in Duck Flocks Vaccinated against Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus.Emerging infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Article
- High pathogenic avian influenza A(H5) viruses of clade 2.3.4.4b in Europe-Why trends of virus evolution are more difficult to predict.Virus evolution · 2024Article
- Descriptive Epidemiology and Phylodynamics of the "First Wave" of an Outbreak of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (H5N1 Clade 2.3.4.4b) in British Columbia and the Yukon, Canada, April to September 2022.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2024Article
- Multiple independent introductions of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5 viruses during the 2020-2021 epizootic in France.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2022Article
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22 authors.
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Abstract
During winter 2020-2021, France and other European countries were severely affected by highly pathogenic avian influenza H5 viruses of the Gs/GD/96 lineage, clade 2.3.4.4b. In total, 519 cases occurred, mainly in domestic waterfowl farms in Southwestern France. Analysis of viral genomic sequences indicated that 3 subtypes of HPAI H5 viruses were detected (H5N1, H5N3, H5N8), but most French viruses belonged to the H5N8 subtype genotype A, as Europe. Phylogenetic analyses of HPAI H5N8 viruses revealed that the French sequences were distributed in 9 genogroups, suggesting 9 independent introductions of H5N8 from wild birds, in addition to the 2 introductions of H5N1 and H5N3.
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