ArticlePediatrics2022
Adverse Childhood Experiences and Adolescent Police Contact in the United Kingdom.
Article in Pediatrics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Adverse childhood experiences, and violence and criminal justice outcomes in adulthood-the moderating role of protective and compensatory childhood experiences.BMC medicine · 2025Article
- Police Contact and Mental Health Among Adolescents With Autism: Findings From the UK Millennium Cohort Study.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2025Article
- Predicting Physical Aggression among Schizophrenia Patients in Rural Communities of Southwestern China.Alpha psychiatry · 2025Article
- Impact of family childhood adversity on risk of violence and involvement with police in adolescence: findings from the UK Millennium Cohort Study.Journal of epidemiology and community health · 2025Article
- Adverse Childhood Experiences and Police Contact in Canada.Journal of interpersonal violence · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesAdverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are prevalent in the population and yield several adverse consequences for child health and development as they accumulate. The objective of the current study is to examine the association between ACEs and adolescent police contact using a national, longitudinal study of adolescents born in the United Kingdom.
methodsData come from a sample of 11 313 adolescents who participated in the UK Millennium Cohort Study (MCS), which is a national, longitudinal study of adolescents born in the United Kingdom between 2000 and 2002. Accumulating ACEs were measured at ages 5 and 7 years and reports of police contact were measured at age 14 years, including being stopped and questioned, warned/cautioned, and arrested.
resultsAccumulating ACEs at ages 5 and 7 years are associated with a significant increase in the odds of experiencing police stops by age 14 years, with 3 or more ACEs corresponding to a 100% increase in the odds of police stops. Additional analyses reveal that behavioral health factors at age 11 years explain 58.5% to 78.1% of the association between ACEs and adolescent police stops, with externalizing behavior explaining the largest portion of the association. Finally, accumulating ACEs were most relevant to being warned/cautioned or arrested by police.
conclusionsA history of accumulating ACEs during early childhood elevates the likelihood of police contact by age 14 years, in part by undermining behavioral health. Findings highlight the potential for early interventions in the lives of ACE-exposed adolescents to curtail justice system involvement.
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