ReviewSAGE open medicine2022
Impact of malnutrition on the academic performance of school children in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Review in SAGE open medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- School feeding programs for improving the physical and psychological health of school children experiencing socioeconomic disadvantage.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Article
- Nutrition, diet, and academic performance among school-age children in urban low-income settings: a case-control study in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.Preventive medicine reports · 2026Article
- Implementation of a Banana Flour Porridge Supplementation Initiative in a Mozambican Primary School: A pilot descriptive study.Journal of public health in Africa · 2026Article
- Article
- The impact of nutritional and socioeconomic status on academic performance of primary urban school children in northern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- Identifying the causes of adolescent malnutrition in Nuwara-Eliya District, Sri Lanka.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Effect of climate change on the health and nutritional status of children and their families in Africa: Scoping review.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Association between birth length, linear growth velocities, and primary school achievement at age 10 years: evidence from the Ethiopian iABC birth cohort.BMC public health · 2024Article
- The Influence of the Home Food Environment on the Eating Behaviors, Family Meals, and Academic Achievement of Adolescents in Schools in the UAE.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Epidemiologic correlates of malnutrition among under-three children in the rural community of Northern India.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2024Article
- An assessment of the nutritional status of internally displaced school children in the West and Littoral Regions of Cameroon.Food science & nutrition · 2024Article
- Tungiasis among children in Kenya is associated with poor nutrition status, absenteeism, poor school performance and high impact on quality of life.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Hunger Games.Acta medica Philippina · 2024Article
- Reflections of well-being: navigating body image, chronic energy deficiency, and nutritional intake among urban and rural adolescents.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- Double burden of malnutrition among women and children in Zimbabwe: a pooled logistic regression and Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Article
- Modeling the Risk Factors of Undernutrition among Children below Five Years of Age in Uganda Using Generalized Structural Equation Models.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Comparison of Malnutrition Indicators and Associated Socio-Demographic Factors among Children in Rural and Urban Public Primary Schools in South Africa.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Safely managed sanitation practice and childhood stunting among under five years old children in Myanmar.PloS one · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to identify the impact of malnutrition on the academic performance of children in Ethiopia. Method: The protocol of this study is registered in PROSPERO with a registration number CRD42021242269. A comprehensive search of studies from HINARY, MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE, Cochrane Library, SCOPUS, Google Scholar, and Google was conducted. All published and unpublished studies conducted about the effect of any forms of malnutrition on academic performance of elementary school children in Ethiopia using the English language were included. Quality of the articles was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tool. The pooled log odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was determined to identify the effect of malnutrition on academic performance. I-square statistics was applied to check the degree of heterogeneity between studies. The presence of publication or small study bias had been assessed by Funnel plots, Egger's weighted regression test, and Begg's rank correlation test. Result: A total of 10 studies were included in this study. The pooled prevalence of good academic performance among elementary school students in Ethiopia was 58% (95% confidence interval: 48%, 69%). Stunting (odds ratio = 0.48; 95% confidence interval: 0.30, 0.79), underweight (odds ratio = 0.38; 95% confidence interval: 0.27, 0.53), and iodine deficiency (odds ratio = 0.49; 95% confidence interval: 0.31, 0.78) had a significant association with the academic performance. Rural residence (odds ratio = 0.61; 95% confidence interval: 0.44, 0.83), being female (odds ratio = 0.53; 95% confidence interval: 0.37, 0.77), and uneducated parent (odds ratio = 0.51; 95% confidence interval: 0.44, 0.58) were also factors associated with good academic performance of primary school children in Ethiopia. Conclusion: This study concluded that malnutrition in the form of stunting, underweight, and iodine deficiency affected the academic performance of elementary school children in Ethiopia. So, the Ministry of Health worked better to strengthen the nutrition intervention at the critical periods of brain development.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.