ArticlePreventive medicine reports2022
Effect of Mediterranean diet and Mediterranean diet plus calorie restriction on cognition, lifestyle, and cardiometabolic health: A randomized clinical trial.
Article in Preventive medicine reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Exercise- and dietary pattern-based lifestyle interventions and neurocognitive function in adults: a Bayesian multilevel network and dose-response meta-analysis.Journal of neurology · 2026Pooled it
- Effectiveness of exercise interventions, alone or in combination with dietary modifications, on working memory in overweight and obese individuals: A systematic review.European journal of sport science · 2024Pooled it
- Effect modifiers of the MIND diet for cognition in older adults: The MIND diet trial.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Trial
- Effects of obesity on brain health and cognition.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2026Review
- Role of Nrf2 and NQO1 genetic variants in cardiometabolic diseases: an 8-year prospective study of genetic, dietary, biochemical, and oxidative stress markers in Iranian Kurdish Adults.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Multimodal (Bio)Markers and Risk of Obesity - A Comprehensive Scoping Review.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Article
- Long-term outcomes of a Mediterranean diet with or without calorie restriction on cognition and cardiometabolic health: The building research in diet and cognition trial.Preventive medicine reports · 2025Article
- How sustainable are hypocaloric and balanced diets for weight loss?Nutrition & metabolism · 2025Article
- Article
- Short-term effects of Mediterranean diet on nutritional status in adults affected by Osteogenesis Imperfecta: a pilot study.Orphanet journal of rare diseases · 2024Article
- Diversity of Culture Microorganisms from Portuguese Sweet Cherries.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
Abstract
A Mediterranean diet and intentional weight loss each positively affect cognitive functioning. Combining both could produce synergistic effects on cognition. The purpose of this study is to compare a Mediterranean diet lifestyle intervention with and without caloric restriction versus control on cognition, lifestyle, and cardiometabolic disease. In a three-arm trial conducted between 2017 and 2020 in Chicago, one hundred and eight-five, 55-85-year-old, predominately non-Hispanic black females with obesity were randomized (2:2:1) to an 8-month Mediterranean diet plus caloric restriction intervention, Mediterranean diet alone, or control. The primary outcome was change from baseline to post-intervention in cognitive composite scores: attention, information & processing; executive function; and learning, memory, & recognition. Secondary outcomes were weight, lifestyle and cardiometabolic markers. The 8-month Mediterranean diet interventions did not significantly affect cognition. Adherence to a Mediterranean diet improved more in the Mediterranean diet plus caloric restriction arm (mean [SE] score change, +6.3 [0.7] points) and Mediterranean diet alone arm (+4.8 [0.7] points) relative to controls (+0.6 [0.9] points). Mean weight loss was greater among the Mediterranean diet plus caloric restriction arm (-4.6 [0.6] kg) compared to the Mediterranean diet alone (-2.6 [0.6] kg) and control arms (-0.6 [0.7] kg). The interventions did not affect activity or cardiometabolic risk markers; although, fasting insulin did decline in the Mediterranean diet plus caloric restriction arm relative to the Mediterranean diet alone and control arms. A Mediterranean diet lifestyle intervention with and without caloric restriction did not significantly affect cognitive function compared to controls. The Mediterranean diet interventions, however, significantly affected diet quality and body weight.
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