ReviewFrontiers in immunology2022
Role of B cells as antigen presenting cells.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 203 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
203 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Immunosenescence and its impact on ischemic stroke risk and outcomes in older adults: a systematic review.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Pooled it
- Mechanistic role of quercetin as inhibitor for adenosine deaminase enzyme in rheumatoid arthritis: systematic review.Cellular & molecular biology letters · 2024Pooled it
- Efficacy and tolerability of neoadjuvant therapy with Talimogene laherparepvec in cutaneous basal cell carcinoma: a phase II trial (NeoBCC trial).Nature cancer · 2025Trial
- Rethinking the immune recognition of cell walls in human fungal pathogens: Mechanisms, controversies and translational significance.Virulence · 2026Review
- Opportunities and challenges for cancer immunotherapy based on antigen cross-presentation.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- H2-O deficiency in B cells or dendritic cells drives retrovirus-neutralizing antibody responses.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- B Cells and Tumor Immunometabolism: Emerging Insights into Immune Regulation and Therapeutic Resistance.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Tumor-infiltrating plasma cell profiling after PD-1 blockade reveals tumor-specific antibodies.Cancer cell · 2026Article
- B cells in cancer: functions, mechanisms and therapeutic advances.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- CD86-Positive Mature Tertiary Lymphoid Structures Are Associated With CD8Annals of gastroenterological surgery · 2026Article
- B Lymphocytes in Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults: From Autoimmune Activation to Immunometabolic Heterogeneity and Precision Therapeutic Perspectives.Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews · 2026Review
- Nanomaterial-mediated functional remodeling of antigen-presenting cells: A novel strategy to break tumor immune escape.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- Humoral immunity in cancer.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Emerging Immune Cell Biomarkers in Primary Membranous Nephropathy: Immune Cell Profiling During Anti-CD20 B Cell-Targeted Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The landscape of genitourinary cancer vaccines: clinical advances and future opportunities.Journal of advanced research · 2026Review
- Temporal shifts in adaptive immunity drive HIV-associated cryptococcal IRIS: mechanisms, models, and therapeutic opportunities.NeuroImmune pharmacology and therapeutics · 2026Article
- Central nervous system B cell multiomics reveals a legacy of immune dysregulation in long-term treated HIV infection.Science advances · 2026Article
- Sex- and Gender-Related Differences in Pruritus in Dermatological Diseases: Insights into Inflammatory, Autoimmune, and Connective Tissue Disorders.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Cellular crosstalk and signaling networks in the rheumatoid arthritis synovial microenvironment.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- IntegrateRigor: annotation-free integration optimization for cell identity recovery reveals cancer-immune interface niches.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
143 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
B cells have been long studied for their role and function in the humoral immune system. Apart from generating antibodies and an antibody-mediated memory response against pathogens, B cells are also capable of generating cell-mediated immunity. It has been demonstrated by several groups that B cells can activate antigen-specific CD4 and CD8 T cells, and can have regulatory and cytotoxic effects. The function of B cells as professional antigen presenting cells (APCs) to activate T cells has been largely understudied. This, however, requires attention as several recent reports have demonstrated the importance of B cells within the tumor microenvironment, and B cells are increasingly being evaluated as cellular therapies. Antigen presentation through B cells can be through antigen-specific (B cell receptor (BCR) dependent) or antigen non-specific (BCR independent) mechanisms and can be modulated by a variety of intrinsic and external factors. This review will discuss the pathways and mechanisms by which B cells present antigens, and how B cells differ from other professional APCs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.