Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36159738›Full record

ArticleKnowledge-based systems2022

Missing Value Estimation using Clustering and Deep Learning within Multiple Imputation Framework.

Manar D Samad, Sakib Abrar, Norou Diawara

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Knowledge-based systems, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  8. Cafe: Improved Federated Data Imputation by Leveraging Missing Data Heterogeneity.IEEE transactions on knowledge and data engineering · 2025
    Article
  9. Article
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  13. Attention-based Imputation of Missing Values in Electronic Health Records Tabular Data.Proceedings. IEEE International Conference on Healthcare Informatics · 2024
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Manar D SamadDepartment of Computer Science, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, United States.
Sakib AbrarDepartment of Computer Science, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, United States.
Norou DiawaraDepartment of Mathematics and Statistics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529 United States.

Funding

Optimizing the Utility of Large Electronic Health Records Data in Data-Driven Health ResearchR15LM013569 · NLM · TENNESSEE STATE UNIVERSITY · PI SAMAD, MANAR · 2020 to 2020
$422k
NLM NIH HHS R15 LM013569
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Missing values in tabular data restrict the use and performance of machine learning, requiring the imputation of missing values. The most popular imputation algorithm is arguably multiple imputations using chains of equations (MICE), which estimates missing values from linear conditioning on observed values. This paper proposes methods to improve both the imputation accuracy of MICE and the classification accuracy of imputed data by replacing MICE's linear regressors with ensemble learning and deep neural networks (DNN). The imputation accuracy is further improved by characterizing individual samples with cluster labels (CISCL) obtained from the training data. Our extensive analyses involving six tabular data sets, up to 80% missing values, and three missing types (missing completely at random, missing at random, missing not at random) reveal that ensemble or deep learning within MICE is superior to the baseline MICE (b-MICE), both of which are consistently outperformed by CISCL. Results show that CISCL + b-MICE outperforms b-MICE for all percentages and types of missingness. Our proposed DNN-based MICE and gradient boosting MICE plus CISCL (GB-MICE-CISCL) outperform seven state-of-the-art imputation algorithms in most experimental cases. The classification accuracy of GB-MICE imputed data is further improved by our proposed GB-MICE-CISCL imputation method across all missingness percentages. Results also reveal a shortcoming of the MICE framework at high missingness (>50%) and when the missing type is not random. This paper provides a generalized approach to identifying the best imputation model for a data set with a missingness percentage and type.

Indexed as

clusteringdeep learningensemble learningMICEMissing value imputationmultiple imputations

Identifiers

PMID36159738
PMCPMC9503087

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.