ArticleJournal of clinical and experimental hepatology
Hepatitis B Prevalence and Risk Factors in Punjab, India: A Population-Based Serosurvey.
Article in Journal of clinical and experimental hepatology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Article
- Assessing Hepatitis B virus infection, risk factors and immunization among particularly vulnerable tribal groups in Eastern India.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Changes in the prevalence of hepatitis B and C viral infections in Sindh province, Pakistan: Findings from two sero-surveys in 2007 and 2019.Journal of viral hepatitis · 2024Article
- Hepatitis B Virus in People who Inject Drugs and Men who Have Sex With Men With HIV in India: A Cross-sectional Study.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Prevalence, Risk Factors and Vaccine Response against Hepatitis B in People Aged 50 Years or Older.Vaccines · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: The prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in Punjab, India, is unknown. Understanding the statewide prevalence and epidemiology can help guide public health campaigns to reduce the burden of disease and promote elimination efforts. Methods: A cross-sectional, population-based survey was conducted from October 2013 to April 2014 using a multistage stratified cluster sampling design. All members of selected households aged ≥5 years were eligible. Participants were surveyed for demographics and risk behaviors; serum samples were tested for total antibody to hepatitis B core (total anti-HBc), hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody (anti-HCV), and HCV RNA. HBsAg-positive specimens were tested for HBV genotype. Results: A total of 5543 individuals participated in the survey and provided serum samples. The prevalence of total anti-HBc was 15.2% (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 14.1-16.5) and HBsAg was 1.4% (95% CI: 1.0-1.9). Total anti-HBc positivity was associated with male sex (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.46; 95% CI: 1.21-1.75), older age (aOR 3.31; 95% CI: 2.28-4.79 for ≥60 vs. 19-29 years), and living in a rural area (aOR 2.02; 95% CI: 1.62-2.51). Receipt of therapeutic injections in the past 6 months also increased risk (4-8 injections vs. none; aOR 1.39; 95% CI: 1.05-1.84). Among those positive for total anti-HBc, 10.4% (95% CI: 8.1-13.2) were also anti-HCV positive. Conclusion: Punjab has a substantial burden of HBV infection. Hepatitis B vaccination programs and interventions to minimize the use of therapeutic injections, particularly in rural areas, should be considered.
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