Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36156673›Full record

SynthesisThe journal of nutrition, health & aging2022

Association between Cognitive Frailty and Adverse Outcomes among Older Adults: A Meta-Analysis.

X M Zhang, X J Wu, J Cao, J Jiao, W Chen

Abstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in The journal of nutrition, health & aging, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
38citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

38 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  5. Impact of multidomain lifestyle intervention on dynamics of cognitive frailty: post hoc analysis of the FINGER trial.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

X M ZhangXiao-Ming Zhang, Xin-Juan Wu, Department of Nursing, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences-Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (Dongdan campus), No.1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China, zhangmuxi0310@163.com, wuxinjuan@sina.com.
X J Wu
J Cao
J Jiao
W Chen

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThis systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to pool the effect size of the association between cognitive frailty and adverse outcomes (e.g., falls, disability, and hospitalization) among older adults.

designSystematic review and meta-analysis.

methodsPubMed, ScienceDirect, and Embase were searched from their respective inceptions to June 1, 2022. We extracted prospective cohort studies that reported the association between cognitive frailty and adverse outcomes. Random or fixed-effects models based on heterogeneity were used to pool the effect sizes of independent associations of cognitive frailty, frailty only, and cognitive impairment only with each adverse outcome.

resultsFifteen studies involving 49,122 older adults were included in the meta-analysis. Older adults with cognitive frailty had higher odds ratios (OR) for falls (1.82, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.29-2.58), disability (3.17, 95%CI: 2.24-4.48), and hospitalization (1.78, 95%CI: 1.48-2.14) compared with those without frailty and cognitive impairment. Older adults with frailty only demonstrated a high risk for falls (pooled OR 1.76, 95%CI: 1.25-2.48), disability (pooled OR 1.82, 95%CI: 1.43-2.33), and hospitalization (pooled OR 1.64, 95% CI: 1.45-1.85). The influence of cognitive impairment only on adverse outcomes was lower compared with cognitive frailty or frailty. Subgroup analyses showed that those with cognitive frailty (defined by the frailty phenotype plus Mini-Mental State Examination) were at greater risk for developing adverse outcomes.

conclusionOur findings indicate that cognitive frailty is an independent risk factor for adverse outcomes (e.g., falls, disability, and hospitalization). Early screening and comprehensive intervention may improve cognitive frailty and reduce the risk for adverse outcomes among older adults.

Indexed as

FrailtyAgedCognitionFrail ElderlyHospitalizationHumansProspective StudiesCognitive frailtydisabilityfallshospitalizationmeta-analysisolder adults

Identifiers

PMID36156673
PMCPMC12280716

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.