ArticleJournal of the neurological sciences2022
Prognosis in substance abuse-related acute toxic leukoencephalopathy: A scoping review.
Article in Journal of the neurological sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- H1N1-associated acute leukoencephalopathy: An unusual presentation in a young adult indian male.IDCases · 2025Article
- Decrease in injection and rise in smoking and snorting of heroin and synthetic opioids, 2000-2021.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2024Article
- Clinical and neuroradiographic features of fentanyl inhalation-induced leukoencephalopathy.BMJ case reports · 2024Article
- Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Neuroinflammation Elicited by Occupational Injuries and Toxicants.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- White matter dementia then… and now.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesAbuse of opiates, cocaine, and lipophilic inhalants (e.g., toluene) can damage brain myelin and cause acute toxic leukoencephalopathy (TL), but little is known about recovery or prognosis in this condition. In light of the ongoing opiate epidemic in the United States, it is important to understand the natural history of patients who have acute neurological complications from illicit drug exposure. Our aim was to conduct a scoping review of the literature regarding prognosis in described cases of substance abuse-related TL.
methodsA strategic search of PubMed, Ovid, Cumulative Index to Nursing, and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) databases yielded adult cases of acute TL from opiates, cocaine, or inhalants. Cases and case series were eligible for inclusion if they described acute leukoencephalopathy with a clear temporal association with opiate, cocaine, or inhalant abuse. Inclusion was contingent on availability of clinical descriptions until death or ≥ 4 weeks follow-up with neuroimaging consistent with TL.
resultsAmong 52 cases from 14 articles, 21 (40.4%) individuals died with mean time to death of 28.2 days; with mean follow-up of 12.8 months, 10 (19.2%) survived with no recovery, 17 (32.7%) had partial recovery, and 4 (7.7%) individuals had full recovery.
conclusionSubstance abuse-related acute TL often has a poor prognosis, but partial or even full recovery is possible in a subgroup of individuals over months to years.
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