Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36156196›Full record

ArticleBJPsych open2022

Creating a hierarchy of mental health stigma: testing the effect of psychiatric diagnosis on stigma.

Cassie M Hazell, Clio Berry, Leanne Bogen-Johnston, Moitree Banerjee

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BJPsych open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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  16. BJPsych open · 2025
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  17. Beyond Latency: ChronicBiomedicines · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Cassie M HazellSchool of Social Sciences, University of Westminster, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5868-9902
Clio BerryDepartment of Primary Care and Public Health, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex and University of Brighton, UK; and School of Psychology, University of Sussex, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1164-9836
Leanne Bogen-JohnstonResearch & Development Department, Sussex Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, UK; and School of Psychology, University of Sussex, UK.
Moitree BanerjeeInstitute of Education, Social and Life Sciences, University of Chichester, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLevels of mental health stigma experienced can vary as a function of the presenting mental health problem (e.g. diagnosis and symptoms). However, these studies are limited because they exclusively use pairwise comparisons. A more comprehensive examination of diagnosis-specific stigma is needed.

aimsThe aim of our study was to determine how levels of mental health stigma vary in relation to a number of psychiatric diagnoses, and identify what attributions predict levels of diagnosis-specific stigma.

methodWe conducted an online survey with members of the public. Participants were assessed in terms of how much stigma they had, and their attributions toward, nine different case vignettes, each describing a different mental health diagnosis.

resultsWe recruited 665 participants. After controlling for social desirability bias and key demographic variables, we found that mental health stigma varied in relation to psychiatric diagnosis. Schizophrenia and antisocial personality disorder were the most stigmatised diagnoses, and depression, generalised anxiety disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder were the least stigmatised diagnoses. No single attribution predicted stigma across diagnoses, but fear was the most consistent predictor.

conclusionsAssessing mental health stigma as a single concept masks significant between-diagnosis variability. Anti-stigma campaigns are likely to be most successful if they target fearful attributions.

Indexed as

community mental health teamseducation and trainingphenomenologyrating scalesStigma and discrimination

Identifiers

PMID36156196
PMCPMC9534883

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.