ArticleApplied and environmental microbiology2022
Heterologous Assembly of the Type VI Secretion System Empowers Laboratory Escherichia coli with Antimicrobial and Cell Penetration Capabilities.
Article in Applied and environmental microbiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- A programmableApplied and environmental microbiology · 2026Article
- Reprogrammed SimCells for antimicrobial therapy.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Not just passengers: effectors contribute to the assembly of the type VI secretion system as structural building blocks.Journal of bacteriology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The synthetic biology toolbox has amassed a vast number of diverse functional modules, but protein translocation modules for cell penetration and cytosol-to-cytosol delivery remain relatively scarce. The type VI secretion system (T6SS), commonly found in many Gram-negative pathogens, functions as a contractile device to translocate protein toxins to prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Here, we have assembled the T6SS of Aeromonas dhakensis, an opportunistic waterborne pathogen, in the common laboratory strain Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). We constructed a series of plasmids (pT6S) carrying the T6SS structural and effector genes under native or tetracycline-inducible promoters, the latter for controlled expression. Using fluorescence microscopy and biochemical analyses, we demonstrate a functional T6SS in E. coli capable of secreting proteins directly into the cytosol of neighboring bacteria and outcompeting a number of drug-resistant pathogens. The heterologous assembly of T6SS not only confers the lab workhorse E. coli with the cytosol-to-cytosol protein delivery capability but also demonstrates the potential for harnessing the T6SS of various pathogens for general protein delivery and antibacterial applications.
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Registered trials
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