ArticleThe journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences2022
The Role of Incarceration as a Risk Factor for Cognitive Impairment.
Article in The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploring Social Determinants of Cognitive Functioning: History of Criminal Legal System Involvement and Processing Speed among Older Black Americans.Sociological focus · 2026Article
- Salivaomics: New Frontiers in Studying the Relationship Between Periodontal Disease and Alzheimer's Disease.Metabolites · 2025Review
- "The Place Where Danger Waits": Ten Years of Incarceration After the 1994 Crime Bill and Cognitive Function among Older Adults.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2025Observational
- The Intersecting Effects of Lifetime Experiences of Homelessness and Incarceration on Cognitive Aging and Dementia Risk Factors in the United States.The Gerontologist · 2025Article
- Linkages between incarceration and health for older adults.Health & justice · 2025Review
- 20-Year income volatility and cognitive function in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (1979) cohort: A replication and extension of CARDIA findings.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2025Article
- Life course exposure to work strain and cognitive disparities by race and ethnicity.SSM - population health · 2025Article
- A Primer on Carceral Health for Clinicians: Care Delivery, Regulatory Oversight, Legal and Ethical Considerations, and Clinician Responsibilities.Mayo Clinic proceedings · 2025Review
- The Impact of Prior Incarceration on Cognitive Trajectories Among Older Adults: Evidence From the Health and Retirement Study.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2025Article
- Neurodegenerative Disorders in Criminal Offending and Cognitive Decline Among Aging Inmates.NeuroSci · 2025Review
- Examining the Relationship Between Incarceration and Healthy Aging.Journal of developmental and life-course criminology · 2025Article
- Review
- Prior Incarceration and Performance on Immediate and Delayed Verbal Recall Tests: Results From National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health-Parent Study.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2024Article
- A study about the impact of indoor air pollution on cognitive function among middle-aged and older adult people in India.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2024Article
- Childhood and Adulthood Trauma Associate With Cognitive Aging Among Black and White Older Adults.The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry · 2024Article
- Correlation between hearing loss and mild cognitive impairment in the elderly population: Mendelian randomization and cross-sectional study.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2024Article
- Mass incarceration and cognitive impairment in older adults: Setting a research agenda.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2023Article
- Article
- The Hidden Toll of Incarceration: Exploring the Link Between Incarceration Histories and Pain Among Older Adults in the United States.Innovation in aging · 2023Article
- Interdisciplinary Aging Research to Address Health Disparities in Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias: A Scientific Training Program for Early-Career Scholars.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThe objective of this study was to understand disparities in cognitive impairment between middle-aged formerly incarcerated (FI) and nonincarcerated individuals.
methodsThe 1979 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth is a nationally representative longitudinal data set containing information on incarceration, cognitive functioning, and other health conditions. Using a modified version of the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS-m), adapted from the Health and Retirement Study, we analyzed the association between incarceration and cognitive impairment, cognitive impairment-not dementia and dementia. Multivariable regression models were estimated, including prior incarceration status and covariates associated with incarceration and cognitive functioning.
resultsFI individuals had lower unadjusted scores on TICS-m (-2.5, p < .001) and had significantly greater unadjusted odds ratios (OR) for scoring in the cognitive impairment (OR = 2.4, p < .001) and dementia (OR = 2.7, p < .001) range. Differences were largely explained by a combination of risk factors associated with incarceration and cognition. Education and premorbid cognition (measured by Armed Forces Qualification Test) separately and completely explained differences in the odds of dementia. Regardless of incarceration status, Blacks and Hispanics had significantly greater odds of cognitive impairment and dementia relative to Whites, holding other factors constant. DISCUSSION: The association between prior incarceration and cognitive impairment in middle age was largely explained by differences in educational attainment and premorbid cognitive functioning, supporting the cognitive reserve hypothesis. Greater prevalence of cognitive impairment and dementia among the FI could create challenges and should be considered in reentry planning. Structural and institutional factors should be considered when addressing health disparities in Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.