ArticleGenome biology2022
Repeated turnovers keep sex chromosomes young in willows.
Article in Genome biology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- Haplotype-resolved genome assembly of femaleHorticulture research · 2026Article
- Sex chromosome evolution mediated by a large inversion and a possible switch of the sex determination gene.Genome biology · 2026Article
- Recurrent sex chromosome turnover mediated by distinct ARR17 and PISTILLATA duplications in willows.Genome biology · 2026Article
- Investigating the evolution of large meiotic rings of multiple X and Y sex chromosomes in two Leptodactylus frog species (Anura, Leptodactylidae).Communications biology · 2025Article
- Genomic studies in Linum shed light on the evolution of the distyly supergene and the molecular basis of convergent floral evolution.The New phytologist · 2025Article
- Ancient allopolyploidy and specific subgenomic evolution drove the radiation of poplars and willows.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Four near-complete genome assemblies reveal the landscape and evolution of centromeres in Salicaceae.Genome biology · 2025Article
- Sex Chromosome Turnovers and Stability in Snakes.Molecular biology and evolution · 2025Article
- Evolution of Sex-linked Genes and the Role of Pericentromeric Regions in Sex Chromosomes: Insights from Diploid Willows.Molecular biology and evolution · 2024Article
- Allopolyploidization from two dioecious ancestors leads to recurrent evolution of sex chromosomes.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Sex chromosome turnover plays an important role in the maintenance of barriers to post-speciation introgression in willows.Evolution letters · 2024Article
- Evolution of a ZW sex chromosome system in willows.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Functional analysis ofPlant direct · 2023Article
- Article
- De Novo Assembly and Annotation of 11 Diverse Shrub Willow (International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Origin and chromatin remodeling of young X/Y sex chromosomes in catfish with sexual plasticity.National science review · 2023Article
- Evolution of plant sex and molecular mechanisms underlying plants sex separation.Forestry research · 2023Review
- Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of MADS-box transcription factors reveal their involvement in sex determination of hardy rubber tree (Frontiers in genetics · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
18 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSalicaceae species have diverse sex determination systems and frequent sex chromosome turnovers. However, compared with poplars, the diversity of sex determination in willows is poorly understood, and little is known about the evolutionary forces driving their turnover. Here, we characterized the sex determination in two Salix species, S. chaenomeloides and S. arbutifolia, which have an XY system on chromosome 7 and 15, respectively.
resultsBased on the assemblies of their sex determination regions, we found that the sex determination mechanism of willows may have underlying similarities with poplars, both involving intact and/or partial homologs of a type A cytokinin response regulator (RR) gene. Comparative analyses suggested that at least two sex turnover events have occurred in Salix, one preserving the ancestral pattern of male heterogamety, and the other changing heterogametic sex from XY to ZW, which could be partly explained by the "deleterious mutation load" and "sexually antagonistic selection" theoretical models. We hypothesize that these repeated turnovers keep sex chromosomes of willow species in a perpetually young state, leading to limited degeneration.
conclusionsOur findings further improve the evolutionary trajectory of sex chromosomes in Salicaceae species, explore the evolutionary forces driving the repeated turnovers of their sex chromosomes, and provide a valuable reference for the study of sex chromosomes in other species.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.