ArticleNature communications2022
Soft shape-programmable surfaces by fast electromagnetic actuation of liquid metal networks.
Article in Nature communications, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed.
- Digintel metasurface of extensive reprogrammable morphing.Science advances · 2026Article
- Liquid Metals for Reconfigurable Bioelectronics.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Review
- Magnetically levitated metasurface enabling tangible and bidirectional human-machine interaction.Science advances · 2026Article
- Liquids as Reinforcements for Anisotropic and Tough Soft Matter Composites.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Multi-Functional Adaptive Interfaces for Next-Generation Wearable and Implantable Bioelectronics.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Non-contact electroelastic modulation of conventional media leveraging two-way electromagnetic induction.Communications engineering · 2026Article
- A universal strategy towards self-healing materials via dynamic interfacial liquid metal coordination.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Chainmail-inspired conformable and switchable microwave metamaterial absorber.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Integrated 3D Printing of Liquid Metal and Elastomer for Soft Robots and Electronics.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
- Soft 3D electromagnetic structures with rapid, complex shape morphing.Science advances · 2025Article
- Spatiotemporally programmed dielectric liquid crystal elastomer: Electro-reversible 3D morphing via inverse 4D printing.Science advances · 2025Article
- Electro-Thermally Controlled Active Mechanical Metamaterials with Programmable Stiffness and Nonreciprocity.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Field-programmable robotic folding sheet.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Dynamically reconfigurable shape-morphing and tactile display via hydraulically coupled mergeable and splittable PVC gel actuator.Science advances · 2024Article
- A starfish-inspired 4D self-healing morphing structure.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Energy-efficient dynamic 3D metasurfaces via spatiotemporal jamming interleaved assemblies for tactile interfaces.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Direct electromagnetic information processing with planar diffractive neural network.Science advances · 2024Article
- Multi-stimulus perception and visualization by an intelligent liquid metal-elastomer architecture.Science advances · 2024Article
- SonoTransformers: Transformable acoustically activated wireless microscale machines.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Interlinking spatial dimensions and kinetic processes in dissipative materials to create synthetic systems with lifelike functionality.Nature nanotechnology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Low modulus materials that can shape-morph into different three-dimensional (3D) configurations in response to external stimuli have wide-ranging applications in flexible/stretchable electronics, surgical instruments, soft machines and soft robotics. This paper reports a shape-programmable system that exploits liquid metal microfluidic networks embedded in an elastomer matrix, with electromagnetic forms of actuation, to achieve a unique set of properties. Specifically, this materials structure is capable of fast, continuous morphing into a diverse set of continuous, complex 3D surfaces starting from a two-dimensional (2D) planar configuration, with fully reversible operation. Computational, multi-physics modeling methods and advanced 3D imaging techniques enable rapid, real-time transformations between target shapes. The liquid-solid phase transition of the liquid metal allows for shape fixation and reprogramming on demand. An unusual vibration insensitive, dynamic 3D display screen serves as an application example of this type of morphable surface.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.