ArticlePloS one2022
Muscle contractile exercise through a belt electrode device prevents myofiber atrophy, muscle contracture, and muscular pain in immobilized rat gastrocnemius muscle.
Article in PloS one, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Therapeutic synergy between swimming and photobiomodulation in a rat model of neuropathic pain.Lasers in medical science · 2025Article
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- Engineered nerve guide conduit enhances peripheral nerve regeneration by modulating the microenvironment through macrophage-triggered cascade reactions.Bioactive materials · 2025Article
- Submaximal Eccentric Training During Immobilization Does Not Prevent Serial Sarcomere Loss or Impairments in Mechanical Function in Old or Young Rats.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2025Article
- Belt Electrode-Skeletal Muscle Electrical Stimulation Prevents Muscle Atrophy in the Soleus of Collagen-Induced Arthritis Rats.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Effects of Acupotomy on Immobilization-Induced Gastrocnemius Contracture and Fibrosis in Rats via Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling.Chinese journal of integrative medicine · 2024Article
- Mechanical Stress Via Muscle Contractile Exercise Suppresses Atrophic Alterations of Bone-microstructure in Immobilized Rat Femurs.Journal of musculoskeletal & neuronal interactions · 2024Article
- Aerobic Exercise Ameliorates Muscle Atrophy Induced by MethylglyoxalBiomolecules & therapeutics · 2023Article
- Influence of routine exercise on the peripheral immune system to prevent and alleviate pain.Neurobiology of pain (Cambridge, Mass.)Review
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeImmobilization of skeletal muscles causes muscle atrophy, muscle contracture, and muscle pain, the mechanisms of which are related to macrophage accumulation. However, muscle contractile exercise through a belt electrode device may mitigate macrophage accumulation. We hypothesized that such exercise would be effective in preventing myofiber atrophy, muscle contracture, and muscular pain. This study tested this hypothesis in immobilized rat gastrocnemius muscle. MATERIALS AND
methodsA total of 32 rats were divided into the following control and experimental groups: immobilization (immobilized treatment only), low-frequency (LF; immobilized treatment and muscle contractile exercise with a 2 s (do) /6 s (rest) duty cycle), and high-frequency (HF; immobilized treatment and muscle contractile exercise with a 2 s (do)/2 s (rest) duty cycle). Electrical stimulation was performed at 50 Hz and 4.7 mA, and muscle contractile exercise was applied to the lower limb muscles for 15 or 20 min/session (once daily) for 2 weeks (6 times/week). After the behavioral tests, the bilateral gastrocnemius muscles were collected for analysis.
resultsThe number of macrophages, the Atrogin-1 and MuRF-1 mRNA expression, and the hydroxyproline content in the HF group were lower than those in the immobilization and LF groups. The cross-sectional area (CSA) of type IIb myofibers in the superficial region, the PGC-1α mRNA expression, and the range of motion of dorsiflexion in the HF group were significantly higher than those in the immobilization and LF groups. The pressure pain thresholds in the LF and HF groups were significantly higher than that in the immobilization group, and the nerve growth factor (NGF) content in the LF and HF groups was significantly lower than that in the immobilization group.
conclusionMuscle contractile exercise through the belt electrode device may be effective in preventing immobilization-induced myofiber atrophy, muscle contracture, and muscular pain in the immobilized rat gastrocnemius muscle.
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