ArticleEuro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin2022
Influenza vaccine effectiveness against A(H3N2) during the delayed 2021/22 epidemic in Canada.
Article in Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Vaccine effectiveness against influenza B/Victoria-associated medically attended influenza-like illness: Beijing, China, 2021-2022 influenza season.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
- Influenza vaccine strain selection with an AI-based evolutionary and antigenicity model.Nature medicine · 2025Article
- Early influenza virus characterisation and vaccine effectiveness in England in autumn 2025, a period dominated by influenza A(H3N2) subclade K.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2025Article
- Characterizing influenza vaccine coverage and factors associated with missed vaccination among adults from 2018 to 2021: an analysis of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) follow-up 2.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Article
- Wastewater Surveillance to Confirm Differences in Influenza A Infection between Michigan, USA, and Ontario, Canada, September 2022-March 2023.Emerging infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Influenza virus circulation and vaccine effectiveness during June 2021-May 2023 in Thailand.Vaccine: X · 2024Article
- Early influenza vaccine effectiveness estimates using routinely collected data, Alberta, Canada, 2023/24 season.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2024Article
- Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness against Hospitalization, Season 2021/22: A Test-Negative Design Study in Barcelona.Vaccines · 2023Article
- Seasonal Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness in Persons Aged 15-64 Years: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Vaccines · 2023Review
- Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Against Influenza A(H3N2)-Related Illness in the United States During the 2021-2022 Influenza Season.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Article
- Vaccine effectiveness estimates from an early-season influenza A(H3N2) epidemic, including unique genetic diversity with reassortment, Canada, 2022/23.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2023Article
- On the lookout for influenza viruses in Italy during the 2021-2022 season: Along came A(H3N2) viruses with a new phylogenetic makeup of their hemagglutinin.Virus research · 2023Article
- National influenza mid-season report, 2022-2023: A rapid and early epidemic onset.Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2023Article
- Influenza vaccine effectiveness against influenza A subtypes in Europe: Results from the 2021-2022 I-MOVE primary care multicentre study.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2023Article
- Immune interference in effectiveness of influenza and COVID-19 vaccination.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Re-Emergence of Circulation of Seasonal Influenza during COVID-19 Pandemic in Russia and Receptor Specificity of New and Dominant Clade 3C.2a1b.2a.2 A(H3N2) Viruses in 2021-2022.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- National Influenza Annual Report, Canada, 2021-2022: A brief, late influenza epidemic.Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Influenza virus circulation virtually ceased in Canada during the COVID-19 pandemic, re-emerging with the relaxation of restrictions in spring 2022. Using a test-negative design, the Canadian Sentinel Practitioner Surveillance Network reports 2021/22 vaccine effectiveness of 36% (95% CI: -38 to 71) against late-season illness due to influenza A(H3N2) clade 3C.2a1b.2a.2 viruses, considered antigenically distinct from the 3C.2a1b.2a.1 vaccine strain. Findings reinforce the World Health Organization's decision to update the 2022/23 northern hemisphere vaccine to a more representative A(H3N2) clade 3C.2a1b.2a.2 strain.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.