Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36147598›Full record

ArticleOpen forum infectious diseases2022

Anticholinergic and Sedative Medications Are Associated With Neurocognitive Performance of Well Treated People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus.

Bernadette Jakeman, Alexandra U Scherrer, Katharine E A Darling, Jose Damas, Melanie Bieler-Aeschlimann, Barbara Hasse, Ladina Schlosser, Anna Hachfeld, Klemens Gutbrod, Philip E Tarr and 12 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Open forum infectious diseases, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
0.5field-weighted citation impact, top 33% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Risk factors for cognitive decline in persons with HIV.Current opinion in infectious diseases · 2025
    Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

22 authors at 9 institutions in 2 countries.

Bernadette JakemanDepartment of Pharmaceutical Practice and Administrative Sciences, University of New Mexico College of Pharmacy, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA.
Alexandra U ScherrerDepartments of Medicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Katharine E A DarlingService of Infectious Diseases, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Jose DamasService of Infectious Diseases, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Melanie Bieler-AeschlimannService of Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, University Hospital Lausanne, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Barbara HasseDepartments of Medicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Ladina SchlosserDepartment of Neuropsychology, Neurology Clinic, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Anna HachfeldDepartment of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Klemens GutbrodDepartment of Neurology, University Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Neurozentrum Bern, Switzerland.
Philip E TarrUniversity Department of Medicine, Kantonsspital Bruderholz, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Alexandra CalmyDivision of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Geneva, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Frederic AssalService of Neurology, University Hospital Geneva, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Ursula KunzeMemory Clinic, Felix Platter Hospital University Center for Medicine of Aging, Basel, Switzerland.
Marcel StoeckleDepartment of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Patrick SchmidDepartment of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
Gianina TollerNeuropsychology Unit, Department of Neurology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
Stefania RossiNeuropsychology and Speech Therapy Unit, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Regional Hospital Lugano, Lugano, Switzerland.
Caroline di BenedettoDivision of Infectious Diseases, Regional Hospital Lugano, Lugano, Switzerland.
Renaud du PasquierService of Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, University Hospital Lausanne, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Matthias CavassiniService of Infectious Diseases, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0933-7833
Catia MarzoliniDepartment of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2312-7050
NAMACO Study Group, a Swiss HIV Cohort Study
University of Basel · CHUniversity of Lausanne · CHUniversity of Bern · CHUniversity of Geneva · CHUniversity of St.Gallen · CHOspedale regionale di Lugano · CHFelix Platter-Hospital · CHUniversity Hospital of Zurich · CHUniversity of New Mexico · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: We previously showed that anticholinergic (ACH) medications contribute to self-reported neurocognitive impairment (NCI) in elderly people with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH). The current cross-sectional study further evaluated the effect of ACH and sedative drugs on neurocognitive function in PWH who underwent comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation. Methods: A medication review was performed in PWH enrolled in the prospective Neurocognitive Assessment in Metabolic and Aging Cohort within the Swiss HIV Cohort Study. Neurocognitive functions were analyzed in 5 domains (motor skills, speed of information, attention/working memory, executive functions, and verbal learning memory). The effect of ACH and sedative medications on neurocognitive functioning was evaluated using linear regression models for the continuous (mean z-score) outcome and multivariable logistic regression models for the binary (presence/absence) outcome. Results: A total of 963 PWH (80% male, 92% Caucasian, 96% virologically suppressed, median age 52) were included. Fourteen percent of participants were prescribed ≥1 ACH medication and 9% were prescribed ≥1 sedative medication. Overall, 40% of participants had NCI. Sedative medication use was associated with impaired attention/verbal learning and ACH medication use with motor skills deficits both in the continuous (mean z-score difference -0.26 to -0.14, Conclusions: Anticholinergic and sedative medications contribute to NCI. Clinicians need to consider these drugs when assessing NCI in PWH.

Indexed as

anticholinergic medicationHIVneurocognitive impairmentneuro-HIVsedative medication

Identifiers

PMID36147598
PMCPMC9487636
OpenAlexW4294190239

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.