ArticleViruses2022
Receptor-Binding Domain (RBD) Antibodies Contribute More to SARS-CoV-2 Neutralization When Target Cells Express High Levels of ACE2.
Article in Viruses, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.
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Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interim analysis of a phase 1 randomized clinical trial on the safety and immunogenicity of the mRNA-1283 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in adults.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Trial
- Potent type-specific de novo antibodies complement broadly reactive imprinted antibodies in immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 variants.Nature immunology · 2026Article
- Beyond the blood: Tissue-resident immunity shapes SARS-CoV-2 vaccine antibody responses.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Kozak sequence libraries for systematically characterizing transgenes across expression levels.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 fusion-peptide-directed antibodies are elicited by natural infection and can mediate broad sarbecovirus neutralization.Cell reports · 2026Article
- Mutations to the HCoV-229E spike have counterbalancing effects on serum antibody neutralization and receptor binding.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Outstanding Contributions to Aerosol Pulmonary Drug Delivery.Kona : powder science and technology in Japan · 2026Article
- Cost-Effective and Time-Saving Multiplex-Beads Immunoassay Method to Detect Humoral Immune Responses Against Respiratory Infections.Journal of immunology research · 2026Article
- Spike mutations that affect the function and antigenicity of recent KP.3.1.1-like SARS-CoV-2 variants.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Spike mutations that affect the function and antigenicity of recent KP.3.1.1-like SARS-CoV-2 variants.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Article
- Organoid-based neutralization assays reveal a distinctive profile of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and recapitulate the real-world efficacy.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Article
- SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody specificities differ dramatically between recently infected infants and immune-imprinted individuals.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Fusion Peptide-Directed Antibodies Elicited by Natural Infection Mediate Broad Sarbecovirus Neutralization.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Article
- SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody specificities differ dramatically between recently infected infants and immune-imprinted individuals.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Tracking Immunity: An Increased Number of COVID-19 Boosters Increases the Longevity of Anti-RBD and Anti-RBD-Neutralizing Antibodies.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Engineering a SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Targeting the Receptor-Binding Domain Cryptic-Face via Immunofocusing.ACS central science · 2024Article
- Delineating the functional activity of antibodies with cross-reactivity to SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV-1 and related sarbecoviruses.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Neutralization assays are experimental surrogates for the effectiveness of infection- or vaccine-elicited polyclonal antibodies and therapeutic monoclonal antibodies targeting SARS-CoV-2. However, the measured neutralization can depend on the details of the experimental assay. Here, we systematically assess how ACE2 expression in target cells affects neutralization by antibodies to different spike epitopes in lentivirus pseudovirus neutralization assays. For high ACE2-expressing target cells, receptor-binding domain (RBD) antibodies account for nearly all neutralizing activity in polyclonal human sera. However, for lower ACE2-expressing target cells, antibodies targeting regions outside the RBD make a larger (although still modest) contribution to serum neutralization. These serum-level results are mirrored for monoclonal antibodies: N-terminal domain (NTD) antibodies and RBD antibodies that do not compete for ACE2 binding incompletely neutralize on high ACE2-expressing target cells, but completely neutralize on cells with lower ACE2 expression. Our results show that the ACE2 expression level in the target cells is an important experimental variable, and that high ACE2 expression emphasizes the role of a subset of RBD-directed antibodies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.