ArticleLife (Basel, Switzerland)2022
C3a and C5b-9 Differentially Predict COVID-19 Progression and Outcome.
Article in Life (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Complement System in the Setting of Critical Illness-A Narrative Review.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Impact of complement system proteins on the clinical progression of hospitalized patients with COVID-19.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- CD55 upregulation in T cells of COVID-19 patients suppresses type-I interferon responses.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Functional mass spectrometry indicates anti-protease and complement activity increase with COVID-19 severity.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2025Article
- Complement activation and lung injury in Japanese patients with COVID-19: a prospective observational study.Scientific reports · 2024Observational
- Erythropoietin Effect on Complement Activation in Chronic Kidney Disease.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- The complement cascade in lung injury and disease.Respiratory research · 2024Review
- Complement and COVID-19: Three years on, what we know, what we don't know, and what we ought to know.Immunobiology · 2023Review
- Thrombotic Mechanism Involving Platelet Activation, Hypercoagulability and Hypofibrinolysis in Coronavirus Disease 2019.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection may result in severe pneumonia leading to mechanical ventilation and intensive care (ICU) treatment. Complement activation was verified in COVID-19 and implicated as a contributor to COVID-19 pathogenesis. This study assessed the predictive potential of complement factors C3a and C5b-9 for COVID-19 progression and outcome. We grouped 80 COVID-19 patients into severe COVID-19 patients (n = 38) and critically ill (n = 42) and subdivided into non-intubated (n = 48) and intubated (n = 32), survivors (n = 57) and non-survivors (n = 23). Results: A significant increase for C3a and C5b-9 levels was observed between: severely and critically ill patients (p < 0.001 and p < 0.0001), non-intubated vs intubated (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05), survivors vs non-survivors (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01). ROC analysis for the need for ICU treatment revealed a higher AUC for C5b-9 (0.764, p < 0.001) compared to C3a (AUC = 0.739, p < 0.01). A higher AUC was observed for C3a for the need for intubation (AUC = 0.722, p < 0.001) or mortality (AUC = 0.740, p < 0.0001) compared to C5b-9 (need for intubation AUC = 0.656, p < 0.05 and mortality AUC = 0.631, p = NS). Combining the two markers revealed a powerful prediction tool for ICU admission (AUC = 0.773, p < 0.0001), intubation (AUC = 0.756, p < 0.0001) and mortality (AUC = 0.753, p < 0.001). C3a and C5b-9 may be considered as prognostic tools separately or in combination for the progression and outcome of COVID-19.
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