ArticleJournal of clinical medicine2022
In Vitro Induction of Eryptosis by Uremic Toxins and Inflammation Mediators in Healthy Red Blood Cells.
Article in Journal of clinical medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Red Blood Cells in Normal and Pathological States: Redox Reactions of Hemoglobin.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Eryptosis in Liver Diseases: Contribution to Anemia and Hypercoagulation.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Current understanding of eryptosis: mechanisms, physiological functions, role in disease, pharmacological applications, and nomenclature recommendations.Cell death & disease · 2025Review
- Review
- GFR is a Key Determinant of Red Blood Cell Survival in Anemia Associated With Progressive CKD.Kidney international reports · 2025Article
- Review
- Galangin Triggers Eryptosis and Hemolysis Through CaInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Renal anemia: from relative insufficiency of EPO to imbalance of erythropoiesis and eryptosis.International urology and nephrology · 2024Review
- Peritoneal Inflammation in PD-Related Peritonitis Induces Systemic Eryptosis: In Vitro and In Vivo Assessments.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Stimulation of Hemolysis and Eryptosis by β-Caryophyllene Oxide.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- The Cytotoxic Effect of Septic Plasma on Healthy RBCs: Is Eryptosis a New Mechanism for Sepsis?International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Pathophysiology of Red Blood Cell Dysfunction in Diabetes and Its Complications.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2023Review
- Malnutrition and Erythropoietin Resistance among Patients with End-Stage Kidney Disease: Where Is the Perpetrator of Disaster?Nutrients · 2022Article
- Eryptosis in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Possible Relationship with Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Markers.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Eryptosis in Peritoneal Dialysis-Related Peritonitis: The Potential Role of Inflammation in Mediating the Increase in Eryptosis in PD.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Eryptosis is the stress-induced RBC (red blood cell) death mechanism. It is known that eryptosis is largely influenced by plasma and blood composition, and that it is accelerated in patients affected by chronic kidney disease (CKD). The aim of this study is to evaluate the eryptosis rate in healthy RBCs treated with different concentration of IL-6, IL-1β, urea and p-cresol, comparable to plasmatic level of CKD patients, at different time points. We exposed healthy RBCs to increasing concentrations of IL-6, IL-1β, urea and p-cresol. Morphological markers of eryptosis (cell membrane scrambling, cell shrinkage and PS exposure at RBC surface) were evaluated by flow cytometric analyses. The cytotoxic effect of cytokines and uremic toxins were analyzed in vitro on healthy RBCs at 4, 8 and 24 h. Morphology of treated RBCs was dramatically deranged, and the average cell volume was significantly higher in RBCs exposed to higher concentration of all molecules (all, p < 0.001). Furthermore, healthy RBCs incubated with each molecules demonstrated a significant increase in eryptosis. Cytofluorimetric analysis of eryptosis highlighted significantly higher cell death rate in RBCs incubated with a higher concentration of both cytokines compared with RBCs incubated with a lower concentration (all, p < 0.05). In conclusion, our data show that cytokines and uremic toxins have a harmful effect on RBCs viability and trigger eryptosis. Further studies are necessary to validate these results in vivo and to associate abnormal eryptosis with cytokine levels in CKD patients. The eryptosis pathway could, moreover, become a new promising target for anemia management in CKD patients.
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